sublimeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English sublimen, borrowed from Old French sublimer, from Latin sublimō (“to raise on high; to sublimate (in Medieval Latin)”).

動詞

sublime (三人称単数 現在形 sublimes, 現在分詞 subliming, 過去形および過去分詞形 sublimed)

1. (chemistry, physics, transitive, intransitive) To sublimate.
2. (transitive) To raise on high.
   • 1857, E. P. Whipple, Harper's Magazine:

     a soul sublimed by an idea above the region of vanity and conceit

3. (transitive) To exalt; to heighten; to improve; to purify.

   Synonym: (古風な用法) sublimate

   • 1709, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: […] W. Lewis […], published 1711, →OCLC:

     The sun […] / Which not alone the southern wit sublimes, / But ripens spirits in cold, northern climes

4. (transitive) To dignify; to ennoble.
   • 1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, “Section III”, in Clerus Domini: or, A Discourse of the Divine Institution, Necessity, Sacrednesse, and Separation of the Office Ministerial. […], London: […] R[ichard] Royston […], published 1655, →OCLC, paragraph 11, page 17:

     An extraordinary miniſtery needs an extraordinary and a miraculous gift; that is a miraculous calling and vocation and deſignation by the holy Ghoſt; but an ordinary gift cannot ſublime an ordinary perſon to a ſupernaturall imployment; […]

関連する語

• sublimation

語源 2

From Middle French sublime, from Latin sublīmis (“high”), from sub- (“up to, upwards”) + a root of uncertain affiliation often identified with Latin līmis, ablative singular of līmus (“oblique”) or līmen (“threshold, entrance, lintel”).

形容詞

sublime (comparative sublimer, superlative sublimest)

1. Noble and majestic.
   • 1842, Thomas De Quincey, “Cicero”, in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine:

     the sublime Julian leader

2. Impressive and awe-inspiring, yet simple.

   sublime scenery

   a sublime deed

   • 1718, Matthew Prior, “To Dr. Sherlock, On His Practical Discourse Concerning Death”, in Poems on Several Occasions‎^[1]:

     Easy in words thy style, in sense sublime.

   • 1838 October, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “The Light of Stars”, in Voices of the Night, Cambridge, Mass.: […] John Owen, published 1839, →OCLC, page 13:

     Know how sublime a thing it is, / To suffer and be strong.

   • 1897, John Munro, chapter VI, in A Trip to Venus:

     We had entered the clouds. For half-an-hour we were muffled in a cold, damp mist, and total darkness, and had begun to think of going indoors when, all at once, the car burst into the pure and starlit region of the upper air. A cry of joyous admiration escaped from us all. The spectacle before us was indeed sublime.

   • 1993, Richard Klein, Cigarettes are sublime, London: Picador, published 1995, →ISBN, page 62:

     Cigarettes are poison and they taste bad; they are not exactly beautiful, they are exactly sublime.

3. (obsolete) Lifted up; high in place; exalted aloft; uplifted; lofty.
   • 1697, Virgil, “Aeneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     Sublime on these a tower of steel is reared.

4. (obsolete) Elevated by joy; elated.
   • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 96:

     While thir hearts were jocund and ſublime, / Drunk with Idolatry, drunk with Wine,

5. Lofty of mien; haughty; proud.
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 30:

     countenance sublime and insolent

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     His fair large Front and Eye ſublime declar'd / Abſolute rule;

派生語

• Sublime Porte
• sublimeness

関連する語

• subliminal
• sublimity

名詞

sublime (複数形 sublimes)

1. Something sublime.
   • 1900, Willa Cather, “Eric Hermannson's Soul”, in Cosmopolitan, 28:633 (April):

     Asa Skinner was a man possessed of a belief, of that sentiment of the sublime before which all inequalities are leveled, that transport of conviction which seems superior to all laws of condition, under which debauchees have become martyrs; which made a tinker an artist and a camel-driver the founder of an empire.

アナグラム

• blueism

Latin

形容詞

sublīme

1. vocative masculine singular of sublīmus

参照

• “sublime”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sublime”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sublime in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to fly aloft; to be carried into the sky: sublimem or sublime (not in sublime または sublimiter) ferri, abire