useとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

Noun

• (Received 発音) enPR: yo͞os, IPA^(key): /juːs/
• (General American) enPR: yo͞os, IPA^(key): /jus/
• (General Australian) enPR: yo͞os, IPA^(key): /jʉːs/
• 韻: -uːs

Verb

• (Received 発音) enPR: yo͞oz, IPA^(key): /juːz/, /juːs/ (see usage notes)
• (General American) enPR: yo͞oz, IPA^(key): /juz/, /jus/ (see usage notes)
• (General Australian) enPR: yo͞os, IPA^(key): /jʉːz/
• 韻: -uːz
• 異形同音異義語: ewes, yews, yous, youse

名詞

use (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 uses)

1. The act of using.
   • 2013 June 7, Ed Pilkington, “‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 6:

     In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.

   Synonyms: employment, usage, note, nait

   The use of torture has been condemned by the United Nations.

2. (uncountable) The act of consuming alcohol or narcotics.
   • 2018, Timothy R. Jennings, The Aging Brain, →ISBN, page 93:

     Heavy alcohol use (2.5 drinks per day または more) at any age is unhealthy and should be avoided.

3. (uncountable, followed by "of") Usefulness, benefit.

   Synonyms: benefit, good, point, usefulness, utility, note, nait

   What's the use of a law that nobody follows?

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     God made two great lights, great for their use / To man.

   • 1731, Pope, Alexander, “Epistle IV: Of the Use of Riches”, in Moral Essays; republished in The Complete Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, Boston, New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1902, page 173:

     'Tis use alone that sanctifies expense.

4. A function; a purpose for which something may be employed.
   • 2013 July 26, Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 7, page 26:

     The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives. And, as their ubiquity spreads, so too does the debate around whether we should allow ourselves to become so reliant on them – and who, if anyone, is policing their use.

   This tool has many uses.

5. Occasion or need to employ; necessity.

   I have no further use for these textbooks.

6. (obsolete, rare) Interest for lent money; premium paid for the use of something; usury.
   • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     DON PEDRO. Come, lady, come; you have lost the heart of Signior Benedick.
     BEATRICE. Indeed, my lord, he lent it me awhile; and I gave him use for it, a double heart for a single one: [...]

   • 1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Francis Ashe […], →OCLC:

     Thou art more obliged to pay duty and tribute, use and principal, to him.

7. (archaic) Continued or repeated practice; usage; habit.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13:

     Let later age that noble vse enuie,

   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

     How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, / Seem to me all the uses of this world!

   • 1629 [1619], Paolo Sarpi, Nathaniel Brent, transl., The Historie of the Councel of Trent […]‎^[1], London: Bonham Norton and John Bill, →OCLC, book 1, paragraph 96, page 43:

     For the next yeere 1527. the negotiations of a Councell were buried in silence; according to the vse of humane affaires, that in the time of warre, prouision for lawes hath no place.

8. (obsolete) Common occurrence; ordinary experience.
   • 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:

     O Caesar! these things are beyond all use.

9. (Christianity) A special form of a rite adopted for use in a particular context, often a diocese.

   the Sarum, or Canterbury, use; the York use; the Ordinariate use

   • 1549 March 7​, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC:

     From henceforth all the whole realm shall have but one use.

10. (forging) A slab of iron welded to the side of a forging, such as a shaft, near the end, and afterward drawn down, by hammering, so as to lengthen the forging.

下位語

派生語

関連する語

• go out of use
• no use
• what’s the use

動詞

use (三人称単数 現在形 uses, 現在分詞 using, 過去形および過去分詞形 used)

1. To utilize or employ.
   1. (transitive) To employ; to apply; to utilize.

      Use this knife to slice the bread.

      We can use this mathematical formula to solve the problem.

      • 2013 May-June, David Van Tassel, Lee DeHaan, “Wild Plants to the Rescue”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:

        Plant breeding is always a numbers game. […] The wild species we use are rich in genetic variation, and individual plants are highly heterozygous and do not breed true. In addition, we are looking for rare alleles, so the more plants we try, the better.

   2. (transitive, often with up) To expend; to consume by employing.

      I used the money they allotted me.

      We should use up most of the fuel.

      She used all the time allotted to complete the test.

   3. (transitive) To exploit.

      You never cared about me; you just used me!

      • 2013 September-October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist:

        Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis: the ability to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and waste oxygen using solar energy.

   4. (transitive) To consume (alcohol, drugs, etc), especially regularly.

      He uses cocaine. I have never used drugs.

   5. (intransitive) To consume a previously specified substance, especially a drug to which one is addicted.

      Richard began experimenting with cocaine last year; now he uses almost every day.

   6. (transitive, with auxiliary "could") To benefit from; to be able to employ or stand.

      I could use a drink. My car could use a new coat of paint.

   7. (transitive, with gender pronouns as object) To suggest or request that other people employ a specific set of gender pronouns when referring to the subject.

      I use they/them pronouns.

2. To accustom; to habituate. (Now common only in participial form. Uses the same pronunciation as the noun; see usage notes.)

   soldiers who are used to hardships and danger

   (still common)

   to use the soldiers to hardships and danger

   (now まれに)

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Thou with thy compeers, / Used to the yoke, draw'st his triumphant wheels.

   1. (reflexive, obsolete, with "to") To accustom oneself.
      • 1714, Bernard Mandeville, The Fable of the Bees, London: T. Ostell, 1806, Sixth Dialogue, p. 466,^[2]

        It is not without some difficulty, that a man born in society can form an idea of such savages, and their condition; and unless he has used himself to abstract thinking, he can hardly represent to himself such a state of simplicity, in which man can have so few desires, and no appetites roving beyond the immediate call of untaught nature […]

      • 1742, Samuel Richardson, Pamela, London: S. Richardson, 4th edition, Volume 3, Letter 12, p. 53,^[3]

        So that reading constantly, and thus using yourself to write, and enjoying besides the Benefit of a good Memory, every thing you heard or read, became your own […]

      • 1769, John Leland, Discourses on Various Subjects, London: W. Johnston and J. Dodsley, Volume 1, Discourse 16, p. 311,^[4]

        […] we must be constant and faithful to our Words and Promises, and use ourselves to be so even in smaller Matters […]

      • 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:

        We are not long in using ourselves to changes in life.

      • 1876, George Eliot, Daniel Deronda, Book 3, Chapter 24,^[5]

        The family troubles, she thought, were easier for every one than for her—even for poor dear mamma, because she had always used herself to not enjoying.

3. (intransitive, archaic or literary except in past tense) To habitually do; to be wont to do. (Now chiefly in past-tense forms; see used to.)
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 48, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     Peter Pol, doctor in divinitie used to sit upon his mule, who as Monstrelet reporteth, was wont to ride up and downe the streets of Paris, ever sitting sideling, as women use.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Peter 4:9:

     Use hospitality one to another without grudging.

   • 1693, Sir Norman Knatchbull, Annotations upon some difficult texts in all the books of the New Testament:

     For in the Rites of funeration they did use to anoint the dead body, with Aromatick Spices and Oyntments, before they buried them.

   • 1764, Horace Walpole, The Castle of Otranto, II:

     I do not use to let my wife be acquainted with the secret affairs of my state; they are not within a woman's province.

   I used to get things done.

4. (dated) To behave toward; to act with regard to; to treat.

   to use an animal cruelly

   • c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vi]:

     See who it is: and, now the battle’s ended,
     If friend or foe, let him be gently used.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 6:28:

     Bless them that curse you, and pray for them which despitefully use you.

   • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

     If in my flower of youth and strength, when all men / Lov’d, honour’d, fear’d me, thou alone could hate me / Thy Husband, slight me, sell me, forgo me; / How wouldst thou use me now, blind, and thereby / Deceivable […]

   • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act V, scene i, page 6:

     Cato has used me Ill: He has refused / His Daughter Marcia to my ardent Vows.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book 3:

     “I hope,” said Jones, “you don’t intend to leave me in this condition.” “Indeed but I shall,” said the other. “Then,” said Jones, “you have used me rascally, and I will not pay you a farthing.”

   • 1884, Margaret Oliphant, Old Lady Mary

     "Oh, how dare you, or any one, to speak of her so! She used me as if I had been her dearest child. She was more kind to me than a mother. There is no one in the world like her!" Mary cried.

5. (reflexive, obsolete) To behave, act, comport oneself.
   • 1551, Thomas More, Utopia, London: B. Alsop & T. Fawcet, 1639, “Of Bond-men, Sicke persons, Wedlocke, and divers other matters,” page 231,^[6]

     They live together lovingly: For no Magistrate is either haughty or fearefull. Fathers they be called, and like fathers they use themselves.

   • c. 1558, George Cavendish, The Life and Death of Thomas Wolsey, cardinal, edited by Grace H. M. Simpson, London: R. & T. Washbourne, 1901, page 57,^[7]

     I pray to God that this may be a sufficient admonition unto thee to use thyself more wisely hereafter, for assure thyself that if thou dost not amend thy prodigality, thou wilt be the last Earl of our house.

使用する際の注意点

• When meaning "accustom, habituate" or "habitually do (または employ)", the verb use is pronounced /juːs/ (like the noun use); these senses and hence this pronunciation is now found chiefly in the past tense or as a past participle (/juːst/), or in the (past) negative form did not use (as in I did not use to like her または the dragoons did not use [habituate, become habituated] to the Russian cold). In all other senses, it is pronounced /juːz/ (past tense/participle /juːzd/).
• See also the usage notes at used to (かつ use to) for more, especially on the use of this sense in interrogatives, negatives, and the past tense.

Conjugation

同意語

• (employ, apply, utilize): apply, employ, engage, utilise, utilize
• (exploit): exploit, take advantage of

派生語

参照

• use in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

アナグラム

• ESU, EUS, SEU, Sue, UEs, sue, ues

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈuː.se/, [ˈuːs̠ɛ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈu.se/, [ˈuːs̬e]

Participle

ūse

1. vocative masculine singular of ūsus