nounとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /naʊn/
• (Southern American English, MLE) IPA^(key): /næːn/
• 韻: -aʊn

名詞

noun (複数形 nouns)

1. (grammar, narrow sense) A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as person, animal, place, word, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality, or idea; one of the basic parts of speech in many languages, including English.
2. (grammar, now まれに, broad sense) Either a word that can be used to refer to a person, animal, place, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality or idea, or a word that modifies or describes a previous word or its referent; a substantive or adjective, sometimes also including other parts of speech such as numeral or pronoun.
   • 1753, Thomas Martin, An Explanation of the Accidence and Grammar To the End of the Syntax in which The Grounds of each Rule in the Syntax are laid down in the plainest Manner. Compiled By way of Question and Answer, For the Use of Schools., London, page 1:

     Q. What is a 名詞? A. The Name of a Thing. Q. How many Sorts of 名詞s are there? [...] A. A 名詞 Substantive, and a 名詞 Adjective.

   • 1786, Signor Veneroni, The Complete Italian Master; Containing The best and easiest Rules for attaining that Language, London, page 6:

     A 名詞 is a word which serves to name and distinguish some thing; [...]. There are two sorts of nouns; one is called a noun substantive, and the other a noun adjective.

   • 1852, Leonhard Schmitz, Elementary Latin grammar, Edinburgh, page 123:

     The first part of a compound word is either a noun (substantive, adjective, または numeral), an adverb, or a preposition, and in a very few cases a verb.

   • 1856, R. G. Latham, Logic in its application to language, London, page 224:

     Finally, there are many who limit the parts of speech to the noun, the verb, and the particle; referring to the first, the substantive, the adjective, and the pronoun (including the article), to the second the participle, to the third the remainder.

   • 1956, Herbert Weir Smyth, Gordon M. Messing, “189. Parts of Speech”, in Greek Grammar, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, page 44:

     Greek has the following parts of speech: substantives, adjectives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and particles. In this Grammar noun is used to include both the substantive and the adjective.

   • 1894, B. L. Gildersleeve, G. Lodge, Gildersleeve's Latin Grammar, Dover, published 2008, page 9:

     The Parts of Speech are the 名詞 (Substantive かつ Adjective), the Pronoun, the Verb, and the Particles (Adverb, Preposition, かつ Conjunction)[.]

   • 1993, Arthur Anthony Macdonell, A Vedic Grammar For Students, 1st Indian edition, Delhi, page 283:

     The parts of which the sentence may consist are either inflected words: the noun (substantive かつ adjective) and the verb, the participle which shares the nature of both, and the pronoun; or uninflected words: prepositions, adverbs, and conjunctions.

3. (computing) An object within a user interface to which a certain action or transformation (i.e., verb) is applied.
   • 1992, Brad A. Myers, David C. Smith, Bruce Horn, chapter 19, in Languages for Developing User Interfaces:

     名詞s are the data; verbs are the data transformations, and therefore verbs represent much of the complexity of systems.

   • 2000, Jeff Raskin, The Humane Interface, page 59:

     You choose either (1) the verb (change font) first and then select the noun (the paragraph) to which the verb should apply or (2) the noun first and then apply the verb.

   • 2005, Barbara J. Grosz, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, volume 149, number 4:

     Thus, in essence, the mouse provides a capability for picking among a set of nouns (for instance, the file to which to apply some action) and verbs (such as "edit" または "insert")

使用する際の注意点

• (narrow sense) In English (かつ in many other languages), a noun can serve as the subject or object of a verb. For example, the English words table and computer are nouns. See Wikipedia’s article “Parts of speech”.

同意語

• name, nameword
• (sensu stricto) noun substantive, substantive noun, substantive, naming word

下位語

• See Thesaurus:noun

派生語

関連する語

• nominal

参考

• countable

動詞

noun (三人称単数 現在形 nouns, 現在分詞 nouning, 過去形および過去分詞形 nouned)

1. (transitive) To convert a word to a noun.
   • 1974, The Modern Schoolman‎^[1], page 144:

     What is not clear is how the nouning of verbs supports Simon's assumed correspondence between mechanical designing and intentional human responses. Is it the very nouning of verbs which indicates that the above correspondence exists?

   • 1992, Lewis Acrelius Froman, Language and Power: Books III, IV, and V:

     For example, that females are different from but equal to males is oxymoronic by virtue of the nouned status of female and male as kinds of persons.

   • 2000, Andrew J. DuBrin, The complete idiot's guide to leadership:

     However, too much nouning makes you sound bureaucratic, immature, and verbally challenged. Top executives convert far fewer nouns into verbs than do workers at lower levels.

参考

(converting into または using as another part of speech:)

• adjectivize/adjectivise, adjective, adjectify
• adverbialize/adverbialise, (まれに) adverb, (まれに) adverbify, adverbize
• nominalize/nominalise, substantivize/substantivise, noun, (まれに) nounify, (very まれに) substantive
• verbalize/verbalise, (口語) verb, verbify

参照

• noun on Wikipedia.

Further reading

• noun at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• non-U