adjunctとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈæd͡ʒ.ʌŋkt/
• 韻: -ædʒʌŋkt
• ハイフネーション: ad‧junct

名詞

adjunct (複数形 adjuncts)

1. An appendage; something attached to something else in a subordinate capacity.

   Synonyms: addition, supplement; see also Thesaurus:adjunct

   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, OCLC 932920499; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

     Lie here ye weedes that I diſdaine to weare,
     This compleat armor, and this curtle-axe
     Are adiuncts more beſeeming Tamburlaine.

   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene iii], page 135:

     Learning is but an adiunct to our ſelfe,
     And where we are, our Learning likewiſe is.

2. A person associated with another, usually in a subordinate position; a colleague.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:associate, Thesaurus:attendant

   • 1641, Henry Wotton, A Parallel between Robert late Earl of Essex and George late Duke of Buckingham:

     Lord Cottington (as an adjunct of 単数形 experience かつ trust)

3. (brewing) An unmalted grain or grain product that supplements the main mash ingredient.
4. (dated, metaphysics) A quality or property of the body or mind, whether natural or acquired, such as colour in the body or judgement in the mind.
5. (music) A key or scale closely related to another as principal; a relative or attendant key.
6. (grammar) A dispensable phrase in a clause or sentence that modifies its meaning.

   noun adjunct

   Coordinate terms: attribute, predicate

7. (syntax, X-bar theory) A constituent which is both the daughter and the sister of an X-bar.
   • 1988, Andrew Radford, Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 177:

     We can see from (34) that Determiners are sisters of N-bar and daughters of N-double-bar; Adjuncts are both sisters and daughters of N-bar; and Complements are sisters of N and daughters of N-bar. This means that Adjuncts resemble Complements in that both are daughters of N-bar; but they differ from Complements in that Adjuncts are sisters of N-bar, whereas Complements are sisters of N. Likewise, it means that Adjuncts resemble Determiners in that both are sisters of N-bar, but they differ from Determiners in that Adjuncts are daughters of N-bar, whereas Determiners are daughters of N-double-bar.

8. (rhetoric) Symploce.
9. (category theory) One of a pair of morphisms which relate to each other through a pair of adjoint functors.

派生語

形容詞

adjunct (comparative more adjunct, superlative most adjunct)

1. Connected in a subordinate function.
   • c. 1596, William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii], page 11:

     Though that my death were adiunct to my Act,
     By heauen I would doe it.

2. Added to a faculty or staff in a secondary position.