singularとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English singuler, borrowed from Old French, from Latin singulāris (“alone of its kind”), from Latin singulus (“single”).

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪŋɡjəlɚ/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪŋɡjʊlə/

形容詞

singular (comparative more singular, superlative most singular)

1. Being only one of a larger population.

   A singular experiment cannot be regarded as scientific proof of the existence of a phenomenon.

   Synonym: individual

   Antonym: general

2. Being the only one of the kind; unique.

   She has a singular personality.

   • (Can we date this quote by Addison かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     These busts of the emperors and empresses are all very scarce, and some of them almost singular in their kind.

   • (Can we date this quote by Chaucer かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     And God forbid that all a company / Should rue a singular man's folly.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)

   Synonym: unique

3. Distinguished by superiority: peerless, unmatched, eminent, exceptional, extraordinary.

   a man of singular gravity or attainments

   Synonyms: exceptional, extraordinary, remarkable

4. Out of the ordinary; curious.

   It was very singular; I don't know why he did it.

   • (Can we date this quote by Denham かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     So singular a sadness / Must have a cause as strange as the effect.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 5”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: Printed [by Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […] [a]nd by Robert Boulter […] [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: The Text Exactly Reproduced from the First Edition of 1667: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     His zeal / None seconded, as out of season judged, / Or singular and rash.

   Synonyms: curious, eccentric, funny, odd, peculiar, rum, rummy, strange, unusual

5. (grammar) Referring to only one thing or person.

   Antonym: plural

6. (linear algebra, of matrix) Having no inverse.

   Synonym: non-invertible

   Antonyms: invertible, non-singular

7. (linear algebra, of transformation) Having the property that the matrix of coefficients of the new variables has a determinant equal to zero.
8. (set theory, of a cardinal number) Not equal to its own cofinality.
9. (law) Each; individual.

   to convey several parcels of land, all and singular

10. (obsolete) Engaged in by only one on a side; single.
    • (Can we date this quote by Holinshed かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

      to try the matter thus together in a singular combat

同意語

• (being only one): see also Thesaurus:specific
• (being the only one of a kind): see also Thesaurus:unique
• (being out of the ordinary): see also Thesaurus:strange

反意語

• (being only one): see also Thesaurus:generic

派生語

名詞

singular (複数形 singulars)

1. (grammar) A form of a word that refers to only one person or thing.

   Antonym: plural

2. (logic) That which is not general; a specific determinate instance.

関連する語

• singulare tantum

参考

• (grammatical numbers) grammatical number; singular, dual, trial, quadral, paucal, plural ^{(Category: en:Grammar)}

Further reading

• singular in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• singular in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• singular at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• rail guns, railguns