feminineとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English feminine, femynyne, femynyn, from Old French feminin, feminine, from Latin fēminīnus, from fēmina (“woman”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-m̥h₁n-eh₂ (“(the one) nursing, breastfeeding”). Related to fetus, feminism, filial, fellatio.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/, /ˈfɛmənɪn/

形容詞

feminine (comparative more feminine, superlative most feminine)

1. Of or pertaining to the female gender; womanly.
2. Of or pertaining to the female sex; biologically female, not male.
3. Belonging to females; typically used by females.

   Mary, Elizabeth, and Edith are feminine names.

4. Having the qualities stereotypically associated with women: nurturing, not aggressive.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     Her heavenly form Angelic, but more soft and feminine.

   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

     Her letters are remarkably deficient in feminine ease and grace.

   • 1614, Walter Ralegh [i.e., Walter Raleigh], The Historie of the World […], London: […] William Stansby for Walter Burre, […], OCLC 37026674, (please specify |book=1 to 5):

     Ninias being esteemed no man of warre at all, but altogether feminine, and subject to ease and delicacy.

5. (grammar) Of, pertaining or belonging to the female grammatical gender, in languages that have gender distinctions.

   Synonym: female

   Coordinate terms: masculine, neuter, common

   1. (of a noun) Being of the feminine class or grammatical gender, and inflected in that manner.
   2. (of another part of speech) Being inflected in agreement with a feminine noun.
6. (grammar, Mongolic languages, of any word) Having the vowel harmony of a front vowel.

   Coordinate term: masculine

同意語

• (of the female sex): female, womanly
• (having qualities stereotypical of the female gender): caring, ladylike, nurturing

反意語

• (of the female sex): male, manly
• (having qualities stereotypical of the female gender): butch, masculine
• (grammar): masculine, neuter

派生語

名詞

feminine (複数形 feminines)

1. That which is feminine.
2. (rare, possibly obsolete) A woman.
   • 1589, Richard Hakluyt, The Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoveries of the English Nation, […], London: […] George Bishop and Ralph Newberie, deputies to Christopher Barker, […], OCLC 753964576:

     They guide the feminines toward the Pallace.

3. (grammar) The feminine gender.
4. (grammar) A word of the feminine gender.
   • 1860, Robert Gordon Latham, An Elementary English Grammar: For the Use of Schools

     The different words belong to different systems, and are no more the masculines and feminines of one another

Latin

語源 1

From fēminīnus (“feminine”) +‎ -ē.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /feː.miˈniː.neː/, [feːmɪˈniːneː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /fe.miˈni.ne/, [femiˈniːne]

副詞

fēminīnē (comparative fēminīnius, superlative fēminīnissimē)

1. femininely, womanly

関連する語

語源 2

Inflected form of fēminīnus (“feminine”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /feː.miˈniː.ne/, [feːmɪˈniːnɛ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /fe.miˈni.ne/, [femiˈniːne]

形容詞

fēminīne

1. vocative masculine singular of fēminīnus

参照

• “feminine”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• feminine in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette