nameとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English name, nome, from 古期英語 nama, noma, from Proto-West Germanic *namō, from Proto-Germanic *namô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. Cognates include Saterland Frisian Noome, West Frisian namme, Dutch naam, German Name, Danish navn, Swedish namn, Latin nōmen (Spanish nombre). Possible cognates outside of Indo-European include Finnish nimi.

発音

• enPR: nām, IPA^(key): /neɪm/
• Rhymes: -eɪm

名詞

name (複数形 names)

1. Any nounal word or phrase which indicates a particular person, place, class, or thing.

   Synonyms: proper name; see also Thesaurus:name

   • c. 1591–1595, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:

     That which we call a rose / By any other name would smell as sweet.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 2:19:

     Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.

   • 1904, L. Frank Baum, The Marvelous Land of Oz:

     So good a man as this must surely have a name.

   • 2013 July-August, Lee S. Langston, “The Adaptable Gas Turbine”, in American Scientist:

     Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning vortex, and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work.

   I've never liked the name my parents gave me so I changed it at the age of twenty.

   What's your name?
   Puddintane. Ask me again and I'll tell you the same.

2. Reputation.
   • c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii]:

     Good name in man and woman, dear my lord / Is the immediate jewel of their souls.

   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide

     The parish stank of idolatry, abominable rites were practiced in secret, and in all the bounds there was no one had a more evil name for the black traffic than one Alison Sempill, who bode at the Skerburnfoot.

   • 1952, Old Testament, Revised Standard Version, Thomas Nelson & Sons, 2 Samuel 8:13:

     And David won a name for himself.[1]

3. An abusive or insulting epithet.

   Stop calling me names!

4. A person (または legal person).
   • 1697, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432:

     They list with women each degenerate name.

   • p. 2002, second edition of, 2002, Graham Richards, Putting Psychology in its Place, →ISBN, page 287 [2]

     Later British psychologists interested in this topic include such major names as Cyril Burt, William McDougall, […] .

   • 2008 edition of, 1998, S. B. Budhiraja and M. B. Athreya, Cases in Strategic Management, →ISBN page 79 [3]:

     Would it be able to fight the competition from ITC Agro Tech and Liptons who were ready and able to commit large resources? With such big names as competitors, would this business be viable for Marico?

   • 2009 third edition of, 1998, Martin Mowforth and Ian Munt, Tourism and Sustainability, →ISBN, page 29 [4]:

     International non-governmental organisations (INGOs), including such household names as Amnesty International, Greenpeace and […] .

5. Those of a certain name; a race; a family.
   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 7, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

     The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his name, came every day to pay their feigned civilities.

6. (computing) A unique identifier, generally a string of characters.
7. (Britain, finance) An investor in Lloyds of London bearing unlimited liability.
8. Authority.

   Halt in the name of the law!

下位語

派生語

関連する語

• anonymous
• cognomen
• namely
• nom de guerre
• nom de plume
• nominal
• pseudonym

派生した語

• → Sranan Tongo: nen
• → Japanese: ネーム

参照

• name on Wikipedia.

語源 2

From Middle English namen, from 古期英語 namian (“to name, mention”) and ġenamian (“to name, call, appoint”), from Proto-West Germanic *namōn (“to name”). Compare also 古期英語 nemnan, nemnian (“to name, give a name to a person または thing”).

動詞

name (三人称単数 現在形 names, 現在分詞 naming, 過去形および過去分詞形 named)

1. (ditransitive) To give a name to.
   • 1904, Baum, L. Frank, The Land of Oz:

     I will name the fellow 'Jack Pumpkinhead!'

   • 1913, Lincoln, Joseph C., chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     A chap named Eleazir Kendrick and I had chummed in together the summer afore and built a fish-weir and shanty at Setuckit Point, down Orham way. For a spell we done pretty well.

   One visitor named Hou Yugang said he was not too concerned about climate change and Baishui’s melting.

2. (transitive) To mention, specify.

   He named his demands.

   You name it!

   • 2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, in Voice of America‎^[5], archived from the original on 7 February 2019:

     The three countries were named in a new study from the UN’s World Intellectual Property Organization, or WIPO.

3. (transitive) To identify as relevant or important

   naming the problem

4. (transitive) To publicly implicate by name.

   The painter was named as an accomplice.

5. (transitive) To designate for a role.

   My neighbor was named to the steering committee.

6. (transitive, Westminster system politics) To initiate a process to temporarily remove a member of parliament who is breaking the rules of conduct.
   • 2013 July 10, Bercow, John (Speaker of the House of Commons), (Please provide the book title または journal name), to MP Nigel Dodds:

     I must warn the Right Honourable gentleman, that if he persists in his refusal to comply with my order to withdraw [the words "deliberately deceptive"], I shall be compelled to name him.

同意語

• (give a name to): bename, designate, dub; see also Thesaurus:denominate

派生語

参考

• christen
• epithet
• moniker
• sobriquet

語源 3

Borrowed from Spanish ñame, substituting n for the unfamiliar Spanish letter ñ. Doublet of yam.

名詞

name (複数形 names)

1. Any of several types of true yam (Dioscorea) used in Caribbean Spanish cooking.

同意語

• cush-cush

アナグラム

• -mane, -nema, Amen, Eman, Enma, MEAN, MENA, Mena, NEMA, NMEA, amen, mane, mean, mnae, neam