sanctionとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈsæŋkʃən/
• 韻: -æŋkʃən

名詞

sanction (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 sanctions)

1. An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid.

   The whalers had been operating in the contested waters off the island with sanction from the Japanese government.

   • 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], OCLC 21345056, page 306:

     The idea that it was more comfortable in the house than out of it, did much towards reconciling his lordship. He felt positively glad that, as his wife had acted without his sanction, she should be subject to all possible inconvenience, as if such could be felt in Henrietta's state of mind.

2. A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body.

   The United States enacted a new round of sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa.

3. A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above.

動詞

sanction (三人称単数 現在形 sanctions, 現在分詞 sanctioning, 過去形および過去分詞形 sanctioned)

1. (transitive) To ratify; to make valid.
3. (transitive) To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance.
   • 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.21:

     Many of the most earnest Protestants were business men, to whom lending money at interest was essential. Consequently first Calvin, and then other Protestant divines, sanctioned interest.

5. (transitive) To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions.

参照

• James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “Sanction”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 2 (S–Sh), London: Clarendon Press, OCLC 15566697, page 82, column 1.

アナグラム

• actinons, canonist, cantions, contains