dataとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Latin data, nominative plural of datum (“that is given”), neuter past participle of dō (“I give”). Doublet of date.

発音

• (英国発音, Ireland, 米国発音)
  • enPR: dā'tə, IPA^(key): /ˈdeɪtə/
  • Homophone: dater (in non-rhotic dialects)
  • 韻: -eɪtə
• (米国発音, Canada, Ireland)
  • enPR: dă'tə, IPA^(key): /ˈdætə/, [ˈdæɾə]
  • 韻: -ætə
• (General Australian, New Zealand, General South African, 英国発音 formal)
  • enPR: dä'tə, IPA^(key): (South Africa, 英国発音 formal) /ˈdɑːtə/, (Australia, New Zealand) /ˈdɐːtə/
  • 異形同音異義語: darter (in non-rhotic dialects), daughter (in non-rhotic accents with the cot–caught merger)
  • 韻: -ɑːtə
• (General Australian, New Zealand, variant) IPA^(key): /ˈdæɪtə/, /ˈdaetə/
• (General South African, variant) IPA^(key): /ˈdee̝tə/

名詞

data

A spreadsheet containing a data table and a graph.

1. plural of datum
   • 1692, William Molyneux; Edmund Halley, Dioptrica nova‎^[1], London: Benj. Tooke, page 100:

     First from these Data, let us obtain the Breadth of the Glass e z

2. (collectively, uncountable) Information, especially in a scientific or computational context, or with the implication that it is organized.

   The raw information was processed and placed into a database so the data could be accessed more quickly.

   • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page vii:

     With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get […]

   • 2013 June 22, “Snakes and ladders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 76:

     Risk is everywhere. […] For each one there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you. “The Norm Chronicles” […] aims to help data-phobes find their way through this blizzard of risks.

3. (collectively) Recorded observations that are usually presented in a structured format.
4. (computing) A representation of facts or ideas in a formalized manner capable of being communicated or manipulated by some process.
6. (mobile telephony) Ellipsis of mobile data: digital information transmitted using the cellular telephone network rather than Wi-Fi.

   run out of data

使用する際の注意点

• This word is more often used as an uncountable noun with a singular verb than as a plural noun with singular datum. Usage as a plural noun with a plural verb is almost entirely restricted to formal contexts.
• In geodetic contexts, the word is used exclusively as an uncountable with the singular datum having the plural datums to replace it.
• The definition of data in the computing context is from an international standard vocabulary and is meant to distinguish data from information. However, this distinction is largely ignored by the computing profession.[2]

下位語

• big data
• metadata
• primary data
• raw data

派生語

関連する語

参考

• anecdote

参照

• “data” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present. (The American Heritage Dictionary's usage note on 'data')
• John Quiggin: Data is not the plural of datum
• johnaugust.com: ‘Data’ is singular

アナグラム

• ADAT, TADA, a tad, adat, ta-da, tada

Latin

発音

• data: (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈda.ta/, [ˈd̪ät̪ä]
• data: (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈda.ta/, [ˈd̪äːt̪ä]
• datā: (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈda.taː/, [ˈd̪ät̪äː]
• datā: (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈda.ta/, [ˈd̪äːt̪ä]

Participle

data

1. nominative/vocative/ablative feminine singular of datus
2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of datus

名詞

data

1. nominative/vocative/accusative plural of datum

参照

• data in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)