streamとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English streem, strem, from 古期英語 strēam (“a stream, current, flowing water; flood”), from Proto-Germanic *straumaz (“stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *srowmos (“river”), from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow”).

Cognate with Scots strem, streme, streym (“stream, river”), North Frisian strum (“stream”), West Frisian stream (“stream”), Low German Stroom (“stream”), Dutch stroom (“current, flow, stream”), German Strom (“current, stream”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål strøm (“current, stream, flow”), Norwegian Nynorsk straum (“current, stream, flow”), Swedish ström (“current, stream, flow”), Icelandic straumur (“current, stream, torrent, flood”), Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “stream, flow”), Lithuanian srovė (“current, stream”) Polish strumień (“stream”), Welsh ffrwd (“stream, current”), Scottish Gaelic sruth (“stream”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /stɹiːm/
• 韻: -iːm

名詞

stream (複数形 streams)

1. A small river; a large creek; a body of moving water confined by banks.
   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 8, in The Celebrity:

     Now we plunged into a deep shade with the boughs lacing each other overhead, and crossed dainty, rustic bridges over the cold trout-streams, the boards giving back the clatter of our horses' feet: […] .

   • 2013 January 1, Nancy Langston, “The Fraught History of a Watery World”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 1, page 59:

     European adventurers found themselves within a watery world, a tapestry of streams, channels, wetlands, lakes and lush riparian meadows enriched by floodwaters from the Mississippi River.

2. A thin connected passing of a liquid through a lighter gas (e.g. air).

   He poured the milk in a thin stream from the jug to the glass.

3. Any steady flow or succession of material, such as water, air, radio signal or words.

   Her constant nagging was to him a stream of abuse.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 10, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     With a little manœuvring they contrived to meet on the doorstep which was […] in a boiling stream of passers-by, hurrying business people speeding past in a flurry of fumes and dust in the bright haze.

   • 2011 December 21, Helen Pidd, “Europeans migrate south as continent drifts deeper into crisis”, in the Guardian‎^[2]:

     A new stream of migrants is leaving the continent. It threatens to become a torrent if the debt crisis continues to worsen.

4. (sciences, umbrella term) All moving waters.
5. (computing) A source or repository of data that can be read or written only sequentially.
6. (figuratively) A particular path, channel, division, or way of proceeding.

   Haredi Judaism is a stream of Orthodox Judaism characterized by rejection of modern secular culture.

7. (Britain, education) A division of a school year by perceived ability.

   All of the bright kids went into the A stream, but I was in the B stream.

同意語

• (small river): beck, brook, burn

下位語

• (small river): rill
• (moving water): river

派生語

• airstream
• downstream
• Gulf Stream
• jet stream
• live stream
• misfit stream
• overfit stream
• streamer
• streamlet
• streamling
• underfit stream
• upstream

動詞

stream (三人称単数 現在形 streams, 現在分詞 streaming, 過去形および過去分詞形 streamed)

1. (intransitive) To flow in a continuous or steady manner, like a liquid.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 7”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: Printed [by Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […] [a]nd by Robert Boulter […] [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: The Text Exactly Reproduced from the First Edition of 1667: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     beneath those banks where rivers now stream

   • 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4

     When I came to myself I was lying, not in the outer blackness of the Mohune vault, not on a floor of sand; but in a bed of sweet clean linen, and in a little whitewashed room, through the window of which the spring sunlight streamed.

2. (intransitive) To extend; to stretch out with a wavy motion; to float in the wind.

   A flag streams in the wind.

3. (transitive) To discharge in a stream.

   The soldier's wound was streaming blood.

4. (Internet) To push continuous data (e.g. music) from a server to a client computer while it is being used (played) on the client.

派生語

• bestream
• streamline
• streamstyle

アナグラム

• 'maters, Amster, METARs, Master, armest, armets, master, mastre, maters, matres, metras, ramets, ramset, remast, tamers, tremas, trémas

語源

From Proto-Germanic *straumaz, from Proto-Indo-European *srowmos (“river”), from *srew- (“to flow”). Germanic cognates include Old Frisian strām (West Frisian stream), Old Saxon strōm (Low German Stroom), Dutch stroom, Old High German stroum, strōm (German Strom), Old Norse straumr (Norwegian straum, Danish strøm, Icelandic straumur). Extra-Germanic cognates include Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma), Polish strumień, Albanian rrymë (“flow, current”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /stræ͜ɑːm/

名詞

strēam m

1. flowing water; current
2. stream

語形変化

派生した語

• Middle English: strem, streem
  • English: stream
  • Scots: streme, streim