stiffとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 (曲がらなくて)硬い、硬い、硬直した、死後硬直した、凝った、(動かすと)痛い、すらすら動かない、張り切った、ぴんと張った、堅苦しい
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stiffの学習レベル | レベル:3英検:準2級以上の単語学校レベル:高校2年以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:470点以上の単語大学入試:センター試験対策レベル |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「stiff」の意味 |
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stiff
make a stiff bow 堅苦しいおじぎをする. |
a stiff style of writing 堅苦しい文体. |
offer stiff resistance 頑強な抵抗をする. |
kèep [hàve] a stíff úpper líp |
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日本語WordNet(英和)での「stiff」の意味 |
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stiff
frightened stiff ひどくおびえている |
the letter was stiff and formal 手紙は固く形式ばっていた |
(having a strong physiological or chemical effect)
Wiktionary英語版での「stiff」の意味 |
stiff
語源
From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from 古期英語 stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.
See also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.
The expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.[1]
形容詞
stiff (comparative stiffer, superlative stiffest)
- (of an object) Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible.
- 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 24962326:
- “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; […]. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, and from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache.
- (figuratively, of policies かつ rules かつ their application かつ enforcement) Inflexible; rigid.
- (of a person) Formal in behavior; unrelaxed.
- (colloquial) Harsh, severe.
- 1961 February, “New English Electric diesels for East Africa”, in Trains Illustrated, page 90:
- (of muscles または parts of the body) Painful as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise.
- Potent.
- (informal) Dead, deceased.
- (of the penis) Erect.
- Having a dense consistency; thick; (by extension) Difficult to stir.
- (cooking, of whipping cream または egg whites) Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own.
- (mathematics) Of an equation: for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small.
- (nautical) Keeping upright.
- (golf) Of a shot: landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot.
- (professional wrestling, of a strike) Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent.
引用
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:stiff.
派生語
名詞
stiff (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 stiffs)
- (slang, chiefly Canada, 米国用法) An average person, usually male, of no particular distinction, skill, or education.
- lucky stiff
- 1943, Ayn Rand, chapter IX, in The Fountainhead:
- The clerk shrugged: “That's the boss's little girl.” “Why, the lucky stiff!” said Keating. “He's been holding out on me.” “You misunderstood me,” the clerk said coldly. “It's his daughter. It's Dominique Francon.”
- (slang) A person who is deceived, as a mark or pigeon in a swindle.
- (slang) A cadaver; a dead person.
- 1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese):
- (slang) A flop; a commercial failure.
- (US, slang) A person who leaves (especially a restaurant) without paying the bill.
- (US, slang, by extension) A customer who does not leave a tip.
- (blackjack) Any hard hand where it is possible to exceed 21 by drawing an additional card.
- (finance, slang) Negotiable instruments, possibly forged.
- (prison slang) A note or letter surreptitiously sent by an inmate.
派生語
- do a bit of stiff
- working stiff
参考
参照
動詞
stiff (三人称単数 現在形 stiffs, 現在分詞 stiffing, 過去形および過去分詞形 stiffed)
- To fail to pay that which one owes (implicitly または explicitly) to another, especially by departing hastily.
- To cheat someone
- To tip ungenerously.
- (slang) To kill.
副詞
stiff (comparative more stiff, superlative most stiff)
- (nautical) Of the wind, with great force; strongly.
- 1731, John Lowthorp, Philosophical Transactions and Collections to the End of the Year MDCC, volume II, 4th edition, page 282:
参照
- ^ Jespersen, Otto (1909) A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)[1], volume I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 4.35, page 124.
Further reading
アナグラム
- TIFFs, tiffs
Weblio例文辞書での「stiff」に類似した例文 |
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stiff
意地っ張りなさま
粗末な
strong
たけく荒々しい
strong-bodied
わるぢえ
困難であるさま
a wrinkle
ききめ
a trumpet
to blockade
a hiccup
a shield
ふた
ぐぐれ
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stiffのページの著作権
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wiktionary英語版」の記事は、Wiktionaryのstiff (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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