lipとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English lippe, from 古期英語 lippa, lippe (“lip”), from Proto-West Germanic *lippjō (“lip”), from Proto-Germanic *lepô, from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely, droop, sag”).

Cognate with West Frisian lippe (“lip”), Dutch lip (“lip”), German Lippe and Lefze (“lip”), Swedish läpp (“lip”), Norwegian leppe (“lip”), Latin labium (“lip”).

発音

• enPR: lĭp, IPA^(key): /lɪp/
• 韻: -ɪp

名詞

lip (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 lips)

2. (countable) Either of the two fleshy protrusions around the opening of the mouth.

   Synonym: labium

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 15:6, column 1:

     […] thine owne lippes teſtifie againſt thee.

3. (countable) A part of the body that resembles a lip, such as the edge of a wound or the labia.

   Synonym: labium

   • 1749, [John Cleland], “[Letter the First]”, in Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure [Fanny Hill], volume I, London: […] G. Fenton [i.e., Fenton and Ralph Griffiths] […], →OCLC, pages 67–68:

     […] I twiſted my thighs, ſqueezed, and compreſs’d the lips of that virgin-ſlit […]

4. (by extension, countable) The projecting rim of an open container; a short open spout.

   Synonyms: edge, rim, spout

5. (slang, uncountable) Backtalk; verbal impertinence.

   Synonyms: backchat, cheek (くだけた用法), impudence, rudeness

   Don’t give me any lip!

   • 1977, Larry Mitchell, The Faggots & Their Friends Between Revolutions, Calamus Books; republished New York: Nightboat Books, 2020, →ISBN, page 97:

     Loose Tomato grew up tough. No one ever suspected that he was scared every time he walked down the street. Any lip and they got their ass kicked.

6. The edge of a high spot of land.
   • 1894, David Livingstone, A Popular Account of Dr Livingstone's Expedition to the Zambesi and its Tributaries, Chapter VII

     We landed at the head of Garden Island, which is situated near the middle of the river and on the lip of the Falls. On reaching that lip, and peering over the giddy height, the wondrous and unique character of the magnificent cascade at once burst upon us.

   • 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “Passion”, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC, page 311:

     They toiled forward along a tiny path on the river’s lip. Suddenly it vanished. The bank was sheer red solid clay in front of them, sloping straight into the river.

   • 1999, Harish Kapadia, “Ascents in the Panch Chuli Group”, in Across Peaks & Passes in Kumaun Himalaya, New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 136:

     Looking to the east we could see Api and the mountains of west Nepal, shapely snow peaks in the distance, while in the immediate foreground, much lower but still dramatic, were the peaks of Panch Chuli IV and V (III was hidden by the lip of a huge cornice), Telkot and Nagling, all of them unclimbed, all steep and challenging.

7. The sharp cutting edge on the end of an auger.
8. (botany) One of the two opposite divisions of a labiate corolla.
9. (botany) The distinctive petal of the Orchis family.
10. (zoology) One of the edges of the aperture of a univalve shell.
11. (music, colloquial) Embouchure: the condition or strength of a wind instrumentalist's lips.

Meronyms

• (fleshy protrusion): philtrum, Cupid's bow, vermilion, commissure

派生語

動詞

lip (三人称単数 現在形 lips, 現在分詞 lipping, 過去形および過去分詞形 lipped)

1. (transitive) To touch or grasp with the lips; to kiss; to lap the lips against (something).
   • c. 1606–1607, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v], page 348, column 1:

     […] a hand that Kings / Haue lipt, and trembled kiſſing.

   • 1826 March, Winthrop Mackworth Praed, “Josephine”, in The New Monthly Magazine, volume 16, number 63, page 308:

     Our love was like the bright snow-flakes,
     Which melt before you pass,
     Or the bubble on the wine which breaks
     Before you lip the glass;

   • 1901, Robert W. Chambers, chapter 9, in Cardigan‎^[1], New York: Harper, published 1902, page 130:

     Once […] at dawn, I heard a bull-moose lipping tree-buds, and lay still in my blanket while the huge beast wandered past, crack! crash! and slop! slop!through the creek […]

   • 1929, William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury, New York: Vintage, 1956, “June Second 1910,” p. 144,^[2]

     […] in a quick swirl the trout lipped a fly beneath the surface with that sort of gigantic delicacy of an elephant picking up a peanut.

2. (transitive, figurative) (of something inanimate) To touch lightly.
   • 1971, Iris Murdoch, An Accidental Man‎^[3], New York: Viking, page 405:

     He moved the boat onward very slowly, lipping the glossy surface delicately with the light oars.

3. (intransitive, transitive) To wash against a surface, lap.
   • 1898, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Tragedy of the Korosko, London: Smith, Elder & Co., Chapter 10, p. 324,^[4]

     It was very soothing and restful up there on the saloon deck, with no sound but the gentle lipping of the water as it rippled against the sides of the steamer.

   • 1922, John Masefield, The Dream, London: Heinemann, p. 9,^[5]

     So on I went, and by my side, it seemed,

     Paced a great bull, kept from me by a brook

     Which lipped the grass about it as it streamed

     Over the flagroots that the grayling shook;

   • 2008, Julie Czerneda, Riders of the Storm, New York: Daw Books, Interlude, p. 406,^[6]

     The mist that lipped against the wall behind him hung overhead like a ceiling, hiding any stars.

4. (intransitive) To rise or flow up to or over the edge of something.
   • 1903, Robert Barr, Over the Border, London: Isbister, Book 4, Chapter 7, p. 375,^[7]

     Below, the swollen Eden, lipping full from bank to bank, rolled yellow and surly to the sea.

   • 1911, Charles G. D. Roberts, Neighbors Unknown, U.S. edition, New York: Macmillan, “Mothers of the North,” p. 256,^[8]

     The rest of the herd were grouped so close to the water’s edge that from time to time a lazy, leaden-green swell would come lipping up and splash them.

   • 1939 April 14, John Steinbeck, chapter 22, in The Grapes of Wrath, New York, N.Y.: The Viking Press, →OCLC; Compass Books edition, New York, N.Y.: The Viking Press, 1967, →OCLC, page 311:

   • 1973, Mary Stewart, The Hollow Hills, New York: William Morrow, Book I, Chapter 3, p. 26,^[9]

     Above the spring the little statue of the god Myrddin, he of the winged spaces of the air, stared from between the ferns. Beneath his cracked wooden feet the water bubbled and dripped into the stone basin, lipping over into the grass below.

5. (transitive) To form the rim, edge or margin of something.
   • 1894, Fiona Macleod, Pharais, Derby, Chapter 4, p. 88,^[10]

     […] old Macrae, of Adrfeulan Farm near by, had caused rude steps to be cut in the funnel-like hollow rising sheer up from the sloping ledge that lipped the chasm and reached the summit of the scaur.

   • 1920, W. E. B. Du Bois, Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil, New York: Harcourt, Brace & Howe, Chapter 9, p. 242,^[11]

     It was a tiny stone house whose front window lipped the passing sidewalk where ever tramped the feet of black soldiers marching home.

   • 1924, James Oliver Curwood, A Gentleman of Courage, New York: Cosmopolitan, Chapter 3, p. 36,^[12]

     The woman had slipped to the very edge of the rock—the edge that lipped the fury of the Pit. She was half over. And she was slipping—slipping....

6. (transitive) To utter verbally.
   • 1818, John Keats, “Book I”, in Endymion: A Poetic Romance, London: […] [T. Miller] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, lines 964–965, page 48:

     Salt tears were coming, when I heard my name / Most fondly lipp’d […]

7. (transitive) To simulate speech by moving the lips without making any sound; to mouth.
   • 1886 May – 1887 April, Thomas Hardy, chapter XIII, in The Woodlanders […], volume III, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 1887, →OCLC, page 274:

     “Ah, I thought my memory didn’t deceive me!” he lipped silently.

   • 1980, Cyril Dabydeen, “Mammita’s Garden Cove” in Caribbean New Wave: Contemporary Short Stories, London: Heinemann, 1990, p. 65,^[13]

     And as he read, lipping the words, he thought of his own boyhood […]

8. (sports) To make a golf ball hit the lip of the cup, without dropping in.
   • 1910 March, Fred M. White, “A Record Round”, in The Windsor Magazine:

     “I shall find the ball to the left of a patch of sword grass near the hole,” he said. “My second will lip the hole, I know it as well as if I could see the whole thing.”

   • 1999, J. M. Gregson, Malice Aforethough, Sutton: Severn House, Chapter Nine, p. 112,^[14]

     Lambert just missed his three; his putt lipped the hole before finishing two feet past it.

9. (transitive, music) To change the sound of (a musical note played on a wind instrument) by moving or tensing the lips.

アナグラム

• LPI, PIL

アナグラム

• LPI