gumとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English gome, from 古期英語 gōma (“palate”), from Proto-Germanic *gōmô, *gaumô (“palate”) (compare German Gaumen, Old Norse gómr (whence Icelandic gómur)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo- (compare Tocharian A ko, Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”), Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”). More at yawn.

名詞

gum (複数形 gums)

1. (often in the plural) The flesh around the teeth.

同意語

• gingiva (medical)

派生語

動詞

gum (三人称単数 現在形 gums, 現在分詞 gumming, 過去形および過去分詞形 gummed)

1. To chew, especially of a toothless person or animal.
2. (transitive) To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer.

語源 2

From Middle English gomme, gumme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman gome, from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, gummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”). Cognate with Spanish goma (“rubber”).

名詞

gum (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 gums)

1. (chiefly uncountable) Any of various viscous or sticky substances that are exuded by certain plants.
2. (chiefly uncountable) Any viscous or sticky substance resembling those that are exuded by certain plants.
3. (chiefly uncountable) Chewing gum.
4. (countable) A single piece of chewing gum.
   • 2005, Zadie Smith, On Beauty, Penguin Books (2006), page 388:

     Levi unwrapped a gum and put it in his mouth.

   Do you have a gum to spare?

5. (South Africa, often in the plural) A gummi candy.
6. (US, dialect, Southern US) A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive.
7. (US, dialect, Southern US) A vessel or bin made from a hollow log.
8. (US, dialect) A rubber overshoe.
9. A gum tree.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

gum (三人称単数 現在形 gums, 現在分詞 gumming, 過去形および過去分詞形 gummed)

1. (sometimes with up) To apply an adhesive or gum to; to make sticky by applying a sticky substance to.
   • 2012, Julie Hedgepeth Williams, A Rare Titanic Family: The Caldwells' Story of Survival, →ISBN, page 184:

     However, Albert said in his audiotape and in his speech that a lever designed to release the lifeboat's block and tackle was gummed up with red paint.

2. To stiffen with glue or gum.
   • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:

     He frets like a gummed velvet.

3. (sometimes with together) To inelegantly attach into a sequence.
   • 1946, George Orwell, Politics and the English Language:

     It consists in gumming together long strips of words [that] have already been set in order by someone else, and making the results presentable by sheer humbug.

4. (colloquial, with up) To impair the functioning of a thing or process.

   That cheap oil will gum up the engine valves.

   The new editor can gum up your article with too many commas.

派生語

• gum up
• by gum

アナグラム

• MGU, mug