cementとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• caement (古風な用法)
• cæment (古風な用法)

語源

From Middle English syment, cyment, from Old French ciment, from Latin caementum (“quarry stone; stone chips for making mortar”), from caedō (“I cut, hew”). Doublet of cementum.

発音

• IPA^(key): /səˈmɛnt/
• (Southern American English) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.mɛnt/
• 韻: -ɛnt
• ハイフネーション: ce‧ment

名詞

cement (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 cements)

1. (countable, uncountable) A powdered substance produced by firing (calcining) calcium carbonate (limestone) and clay that develops strong cohesive properties when mixed with water. The main ingredient of concrete.
   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter 22, in The Mirror and the Lamp, London; New York, NY.: Cassell, OCLC 4293073, OL 1097634W:

     In the autumn there was a row at some cement works about the unskilled labour men. A union had just been started for them and all but a few joined. One of these blacklegs was laid for by a picket and knocked out of time.

2. (uncountable) The paste-like substance resulting from mixing such a powder with water, or the rock-like substance that forms when it dries.
3. (uncountable) Any material with strong adhesive and cohesive properties such as binding agents, glues, grout.
4. (figuratively) A bond of union; that which unites firmly, as persons in friendship or in society.

   the cement of our love

5. (anatomy) The layer of bone investing the root and neck of a tooth; cementum.

派生語

派生した語

参考

• concrete

動詞

cement (三人称単数 現在形 cements, 現在分詞 cementing, 過去形および過去分詞形 cemented)

1. (transitive) To affix with cement.
2. (transitive) To overlay or coat with cement.

   to cement a cellar floor

3. (transitive, figuratively) To unite firmly or closely.
   • c. 1606–1607, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i]:

     For they have entertained cause enough
     To draw their swords: but how the fear of us
     May cement their divisions and bind up
     The petty difference, we yet not know.

   • 1840, John Dunlop, The Universal Tendency to Association in Mankind. Analyzed and Illustrated, London: Houlston and Stoneman, page 103:

     Olympic Games. — Besides the ordinary confederacies that join independent states together, a singular federal bond is remarkable in the Olympic games, which for many ages cemented the Grecian commonwealths by a joint tie of recreation and religious ritual.

4. (figuratively) To make permanent.
   • 1758, David Hume, “Essay XXII. Of Polygamy and Divorces.”, in Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects, new edition, London: Printed for A[ndrew] Millar, in the Strand; and A. Kincaid and A. Donaldson, at Edinburgh, OCLC 912916757, page 115:

     But friendſhip is a calm and ſedate affection, conducted by reaſon and cemented by habit; ſpringing from long acquaintance and mutual obligations; without jealouſies or fears; and without thoſe feveriſh fits of heat and cold, which cauſe ſuch an agreeable torment in the amorous paſſion.

   • 2016 March 27, Daniel Taylor, “Eric Dier seals England’s stunning comeback against Germany”, in The Guardian‎^[1], London, archived from the original on 22 April 2016:

     [Dele] Alli’s ability to break forward from midfield was a prominent feature and the 19-year-old must have gone a long way to cementing his place in the team.