ragとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English ragge, from 古期英語 ragg (suggested by derivative raggiġ (“shaggy; bristly; ragged”)), from Old Norse rǫgg (“tuft; shagginess”), from Proto-Germanic *rawwa-, probably related to *rūhaz. Cognate with Swedish ragg. Related to rug.

名詞

rag (複数形 rags)

1. (in the plural) Tattered clothes.
   • 1684, John Dryden, Miscellany Poems: Containing a New Translation of Virgills Eclogues, Ovid's Love Elegies, Odes of Horace and Other Authors, The twenty-ninth ode of the first book of Horace:

     And virtue, though in rags, will keep me warm.

2. A piece of old cloth, especially one used for cleaning, patching, etc.; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred or tatter.
   • 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book III, lines 490-491:

     Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their wearers, toss'd, / And flutter'd into rags; then reliques, beads,

   • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain from the Birth of Jesus Christ until the year MDCXLVIII‎^[1], page 399:

     […] even by the law of their own might and malice, not having otherwise any rag of legality to cover the shame of their cruelty.

3. A shabby, beggarly fellow; a ragamuffin.
   • 1623, Ben Jonson, Time Vindicated to Himself and to His Honours:

     The other zealous rag is the compositor, / Who in an angle where the ants inhabit, / (The emblems of his labors) will sit curl'd

   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, A Veue of the Present State of Irelande:

     For upon the like Proclamation there, they all came in, both tag and rag

4. A ragged edge in metalworking.
5. (nautical, slang) A sail, or any piece of canvas.
   • 1864, James Russell Lowell, My Garden Acquaintance; A Good Word for Winter; A Moosehead Journal, page 83:

     Our ship was a clipper, with every rag set, stunsails, sky-scrapers, and all.

   • 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 191:

     "'Oh yes, that's all very well, but we haven't done with it yet,' said the lad, 'we shall have it worse directly,' and he ordered them to furl every rag but the mizen."

6. (単数形 または 複数形, slang) Sanitary napkins, pads, or other materials used to absorb menstrual discharge.
   • 2020, Pip Williams, The Dictionary of Lost Words, page 56:

     "It's heaviest on the first day, which might be why it hurts so much. After that, it slows down and eventually stops, but you'll need the rags for about a week."

7. (slang, derogatory) A newspaper or magazine, especially one whose journalism is considered to be of poor quality.

   Synonym: fish wrap

   • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London, New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

     "You must behave yourself, dear. Mr. Malone is a Pressman. He will have it all in his rag to-morrow, and sell an extra dozen among our neighbors."

8. (poker) A poor, low-ranking kicker.^[1]

   I have ace-four on my hand. In other words, I have ace-rag.

9. (slang, theater) A curtain of various kinds.
10. (dated) A person suffering from exhaustion or lack of energy.
    • 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

      "It took it out of me, though. I'm a rag this morning." "They work you too hard, dear."

派生語

動詞

rag (三人称単数 現在形 rags, 現在分詞 ragging, 過去形および過去分詞形 ragged)

1. (transitive) To decorate (a wall, etc.) by applying paint with a rag.
2. (intransitive) To become tattered.

派生語

語源 2

Unknown origin; perhaps the same word as Etymology 1, above.

名詞

rag (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 rags)

1. A coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture; ragstone.
   • 2003, Peter Ackroyd, The Clerkenwell Tales, page 1:

     the three walls around the garden, each one of thirty-three feet, were built out of three layers of stone — pebble stone, flint and rag stone.

派生語

• coral rag
• Kentish rag
• ragwork
• Rowley rag

動詞

rag (三人称単数 現在形 rags, 現在分詞 ragging, 過去形および過去分詞形 ragged)

1. To break (ore) into lumps for sorting.
2. To cut or dress roughly, as a grindstone.

語源 3

Uncertain.

動詞

rag (三人称単数 現在形 rags, 現在分詞 ragging, 過去形および過去分詞形 ragged)

1. To scold or tell off; to torment; to banter.
2. (Britain slang) To drive a car or another vehicle in a hard, fast or unsympathetic manner.
3. To tease or torment, especially at a university; to bully, to haze.

派生語

• bullirag
• rag the puck
• rag on

名詞

rag (複数形 rags)

1. (dated) A prank or practical joke.
   • 1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, When the World Screamed‎^[2]:

     The rascal winked and grinned. 'There are always and means,' said he. 'But don't blame your foreman. He thought it was just a rag. I swapped clothes with his assistant, and in I came.'

2. (UK, Ireland) A society run by university students for the purpose of charitable fundraising.

派生語

• rag day
• rag week

語源 4

Perhaps from ragged. Compare later ragtime.

名詞

rag (複数形 rags)

1. (obsolete, US) An informal dance party featuring music played by African-American string bands. [19th c.]
2. A ragtime song, dance or piece of music. [from 19th c.]

動詞

rag (三人称単数 現在形 rags, 現在分詞 ragging, 過去形および過去分詞形 ragged)

1. (transitive, informal) To play or compose (a piece, melody, etc.) in syncopated time.
2. (intransitive, informal) To dance to ragtime music.
3. (music, obsolete) To add syncopation (to a tune) and thereby make it appropriate for a ragtime song.^[2]

参照

アナグラム

• ARG, Arg., GAR, Gra, RGA, arg, gar