causeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: kôz, IPA^(key): /kɔːz/, [kʰoːz̥]
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɔz/, [kʰɒːz̥]
• (Canada, cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑz/
• 韻: -ɔːz
• 異形同音異義語: caws, 'cause; cores (non-rhotic dialects)

名詞

cause (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 causes)

1. (countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:cause

   They identified a burst pipe as the cause of the flooding.

   • 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 23, column 1:

     We thanke you both, yet one but flatters vs,
     As well appeareth by the cauſe you come,
     Namely, to appeale each other of high treaſon.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […] , the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.

2. (uncountable, especially with for かつ a bare noun) Sufficient reason for a state, as of emotion.

   Synonyms: grounds, justification

   There is no cause for alarm.

   The end of the war was a cause for celebration.

4. (countable) A goal, aim or principle, especially one which transcends purely selfish ends.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:goal

   • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

     God befriend us, as our cause is just.

   • 1796, Edmund Burke, A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord, on the Attacks Made upon Him and His Pension, […], 10th edition, London: […] J. Owen, […], and F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC:

     The part they take against me is from zeal to the cause.

   • 1942, Julius J. Epstein; Philip G. Epstein; Howard Koch, Casablanca, spoken by Rick (Humphrey Bogart):

     I'm not fighting for anything anymore, except myself. I'm the only cause I'm interested in.

   • 1999, McCain, John, Faith of My Fathers‎^[1], New York: Random House, →ISBN, page 348:

     There is much to regret about America's failure in Vietnam. The reasons are etched in black marble on the Washington Mall. But we had believed the cause that America had asked us to serve in Vietnam was a worthy one, and millions who defended it had done so honorably.

   • 2008, Karpyshyn, Drew, “Epilogue”, in Mass Effect: Ascension‎^[2], Del Rey Books, →ISBN, page 341:

     "I thought you were loyal to the cause, Paul."
     “I was,” Grayson answered. “Then I saw the kind of people who share your vision, and I had a change of heart.”

5. (obsolete) Sake; interest; advantage.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Corinthians 7:12:

     I did it not for his cause.

6. (countable, obsolete) Any subject of discussion or debate; a matter; an affair.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

     What counsel give you in this weighty cause?

7. (countable, law) A suit or action in court; any legal process by which a party endeavors to obtain his claim, or what he regards as his right; case; ground of action.

派生語

参考

• effect

動詞

cause (三人称単数 現在形 causes, 現在分詞 causing, 過去形および過去分詞形 caused)

1. (transitive) To set off an event or action.

   The lightning caused thunder.

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes. […] She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.

   • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎^[3], volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

     An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic […] real kidneys […]. But they are nothing like as efficient, and can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.

2. (ditransitive) To actively produce as a result, by means of force or authority.

   His dogged determination caused the fundraising to be successful.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 7:4:

     I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the working classes. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them. Soft heartedness caused more harm than good.

3. (obsolete) To assign or show cause; to give a reason; to make excuse.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     He, to shifte their curious request, / Gan causen why she could not come in place.

派生語

• causation
• cause a stir
• causer

接続詞

cause

1. Alternative form of 'cause; because

参考

• cause célèbre

Further reading

• cause at OneLook Dictionary Search
• cause in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• cause in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

アナグラム

• -sauce, Eacus, sauce

語源

From Middle English cause; aphetic form of because; first used in the 15th century.

発音

• (General Australian, 英国発音) IPA^(key): /kɔz/
• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /kɒz/; (弱勢) IPA^(key): /kəz/
• (米国発音) enPR: kŭz, IPA^(key): /kʌz/,
• 韻: -ɔz, -ɒz, -əz, -ʌz

接続詞

'cause

1. (colloquial, slang) Aphetic form of because.
   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 7, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     “[…] if you call my duds a ‘livery’ again there’ll be trouble. It’s bad enough to go around togged out like a life saver on a drill day, but I can stand that ’cause I’m paid for it. […]”