localとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈləʊ.kl̩/
• (General American) enPR: lōk′əl, IPA: /ˈloʊ.kl̩/
• 韻: -əʊkəl

形容詞

local (comparative more local, superlative most local)

1. From or in a nearby location.

   Holonyms: statal, national, federal, unional, supranational, global

   We prefer local produce.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLIV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 361:

     Not unnaturally, “Auntie” took this communication in bad part. […] Next day she […] tried to recover her ward by the hair of the head. Then, thwarted, the wretched creature went to the police for help; she was versed in the law, and perhaps had spared no pains to keep on good terms with the local constabulary.

   • 2012 December 1, “An internet of airborne things”, in The Economist, volume 405, number 8813, page 3 (Technology Quarterly):

     A farmer could place an order for a new tractor part by text message and pay for it by mobile money-transfer. A supplier many miles away would then take the part to the local matternet station for airborne dispatch via drone.

2. (computing, of a resource) Connected directly to a particular computer, processor, etc.; able to be accessed offline.

   Antonym: remote

   local disk drive

   local file

   The panel shows both local and remote sites.

3. (computing, of a variable or identifier) Having limited scope (either lexical or dynamic); only accessible within a certain portion of a program.

   Antonym: global

4. (mathematics, not comparable, of a condition or property) Applying to or satisfied by substructures understood as "near points;" in particular:
   1. (topology) Satisfied by at least one open neighborhood of every point.

      A Hausdorff space satisfying local compactness need not be (globally) compact!

   2. (topology) Satisfied by arbitrarily small open neighborhoods of every point.
   3. (group theory, of a property of an infinite group) Satisfied by every finitely generated subgroup.
5. (mathematics, not comparable, of a condition or property) Detectable from the behavior of substructures understood to be "near points;" in particular:
   1. (algebra, algebraic geometry, of a property ${\displaystyle P}$ of a ring ${\displaystyle R}$ (or an ${\displaystyle R}$-module ${\displaystyle M}$)) Such that the following conditions are equivalent: (1) ${\displaystyle P}$ holds for ${\displaystyle R}$ ( ${\displaystyle M}$); (2) ${\displaystyle P}$ holds for the localization ${\displaystyle R_{\mathfrak {p}}}$ ( ${\displaystyle M_{\mathfrak {p}}}$) for all prime ideals ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {p}}}$ of ${\displaystyle R}$; (3) ${\displaystyle P}$ holds for the localization ${\displaystyle R_{\mathfrak {m}}}$ ( ${\displaystyle M_{\mathfrak {m}}}$) for all maximal ideals ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {m}}}$ of ${\displaystyle R}$.

      Flatness is a local property.

   2. (group theory, of a property of a finite group) Detectable from the behavior of the normalizers of the nontrivial p-subgroups.
6. (algebra, of a ring) Having a unique maximal (left) ideal.
7. (medicine) Of or pertaining to a restricted part of an organism.

   Synonym: topical

   local lesion

   The patient didn't want to be sedated, so we applied only local anesthesia.

8. Descended from an indigenous population.

   Hawaiian Pidgin is spoken by the local population.

名詞

local (plural locals)

1. A person who lives in or near a given place.

   It's easy to tell the locals from the tourists.

   • 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 66:

     Taunton station is busy - even more so when the inbound working of my Bristol train arrives, laden with the usual mix of 'staycationers' and locals.

2. A branch of a nationwide organization such as a trade union.

   I'm in the TWU, too. Local 6.

   • 1990 February 4, Pam Mitchell, “Pro-Union And Queer”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 29, page 18:

     Citing the risk involved with being out as a gay person and a union activist while simultaneously dealing with racism, Susan notes that there are no out gays or lesbians of color in her local, though its membership is about 80 percent people of color.

3. (rail transport) Clipping of local train.

   Synonym: stopper

   Antonyms: fast, express

   The expresses skipped my station, so I had to take a local.

4. (British) One's nearest or regularly frequented public house or bar.

   I got barred from my local, so I've started going all the way into town for a drink.

   • 2010, “Nothing”, in Science & Faith, performed by The Script:

     As they take me to my local down the street.

5. (programming) A locally scoped identifier.

   Functional programming languages usually don't allow changing the immediate value of locals once they've been initialized, unless they're explicitly marked as being mutable.

   • 2012, Cesar Otero, Rob Larsen, Professional jQuery, page 25:

     Globals are visible anywhere in your application, whereas locals are visible only in the function in which they're declared.

6. (US, slang, journalism) An item of news relating to the place where the newspaper is published.
7. (colloquial, medicine) Clipping of local anesthetic.
   • 1989, Road House, page 39:

     Well, Mr. Dalton, you may add nine staples to your dossier of thirty‐one broken bones, two bullet wounds, nine puncture wounds and four steel screws. That’s an estimate, of course. I’ll give you a local.

8. (finance) An independent trader who acts for themselves rather than on behalf of investors.

   Synonym: floor trader

   • 2009, R. Stafford Johnson, Bond Evaluation, Selection, and Management, page 316:

     On most futures exchanges, there are two major types of futures traders/members: commission brokers and locals.

9. (fandom slang, derogatory) A Twitter user who is not a part of Stan Twitter.
   • 2018, Max Ghasserani, "Spill The Tea On A Sister Skinny Legend", The Investigator (Green Valley High School, Henderson, NV), October 2018, page 25:

     Her camera roll is filled with pictures and videos of her idol, she doesn't let any of her friends see her account because "no locals allowed", […]

   • 2018 October 16, Fergal Smiddy, “The 6 Types of People You Meet on Twitter”, in University Express, University College Cork, Ireland, page 11:

     Locals are characterised by their seeming lack of involvement or ~expertise~ on the platform.

   • 2019, Avin Abelardo, "Deep Dive Into The World Of Troll Twitter Memes", Echoes (University of the Philippines), February/March 2019, page 60:

     Heck, even locals sometimes use GIFs of her when they feel like tweeting with taste.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:local.

副詞

local (comparative more local, superlative most local)

1. In the local area; within a city, state, country, etc.

   It's never been more important to buy local.

   • 2016, Vinod K. Jain, Global Strategy: Competing in the Connected Economy, page 122:

     Coca-Cola, for example, shifted its stance, unsuccessfully, between “think global, act global” and “think local, act local” during the tenures of three different CEOs in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

派生語

関連する語

参照

Further reading

• “local”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “local”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “local”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• colla

形容詞

lo-cal (comparative more lo-cal, superlative most lo-cal)

1. (informal) (of food or drink) That contains fewer calories than normal.

アナグラム

• colla