expressとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From French exprès, from Latin expressus, past participle of exprimere (see Etymology 2, below).

形容詞

express (comparative more express, superlative most express)

1. (not comparable) Moving or operating quickly, as a train not making local stops.

   Synonyms: fast, crack

2. (comparable) Specific or precise; directly and distinctly stated; not merely implied.

   Synonyms: explicit, plain; see also Thesaurus:explicit

   Antonym: implied

   I gave him express instructions not to begin until I arrived, but he ignored me.

   This book cannot be copied without the express permission of the publisher.

   • 1949 November and December, “Return to Monthly Publication”, in Railway Magazine, page 351:

     Beginning with the next issue, which will be the January, 1950, issue, this magazine will be published on the first of every month. This step has been taken at the express wish of readers despite the present paper and production difficulties.

3. Truly depicted; exactly resembling.

   In my eyes it bore a livelier image of the spirit, it seemed more express and single, than the imperfect and divided countenance.

   • 1634, John Milton, Homer Sprague, editor, The Mask of Comus, New York: J. W. Schermerhorn & Co., published 1876, page 253:

     Soon as the potion works, their human countenance, / The express resemblance of the gods, is changed / Into some brutish form, of wolf, or bear, / Or ounce, or tiger, hog, or bearded goat, / All other parts remaining as they were […]

4. (postpositive, retail) Providing a more limited but presumably faster service than a full or complete dealer of the same kind or type.

   Pizza Hut Express

   McDonald's Express

派生語

名詞

express (複数形 expresses)

1. A mode of transportation, often a train, that travels quickly or directly.

   Antonyms: local, stopper

   I took the express into town.

   • 1931, Francis Beeding, “1/1”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps‎^[1]:

     The train was moving less fast through the summer night. The swift express had changed into something almost a parliamentary, had stopped three times since Norwich, and now, at long last, was approaching Banton.

   • 1961 October, “The winter timetables of British Railways: Western Region”, in Trains Illustrated, page 590:

     Except for the mid-winter period, when the 11.30 a.m. from Paddington and its opposite number will be withdrawn - Torquay now has seven daily expresses to and from Paddington as compared with five down and six up previously.

2. A service that allows mail or money to be sent rapidly from one destination to another.
3. An express rifle.
   • 1885, H. Rider Haggard, King Solomon's Mines:

     "Give me my express," I said, laying down the Winchester, and he handed it to me cocked.

4. (obsolete) A clear image or representation; an expression; a plain declaration.
   • 1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, “Section V”, in Clerus Domini: or, A Discourse of the Divine Institution, Necessity, Sacrednesse, and Separation of the Office Ministerial. […], London: […] R[ichard] Royston […], published 1655, →OCLC, paragraph 5, page 30:

     And this [holy communion] being the great myſtery of Chriſtianity, and the onely remanent expreſſe of Chriſts ſacrifice on earth, it is moſt conſonant to the Analogy of the myſtery, that this commemorative ſacrifice be preſented by perſons as ſeparate, and diſtinct in our miniſtery, […]

5. A messenger sent on a special errand; a courier.
   • 1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview, published 2001, page 381:

     I learned, to my inexpressible terror, that at two o'clock, the day before, an express had been sent to Geraldine by Mr Bergasse, with a letter, which he had received from the Hotel de Romagnecourt.

6. An express office.
   • 1873, Edward Everett Hale, Christmas Eve and Christmas Day:

     She charged him […] to ask at the express if anything came up from town.

7. That which is sent by an express messenger or message.
   • 1648, attributed to Charles I of England, Εἰκὼν Βασιλική [Eikōn Basilikē = Royal Portrait]. The Pourtraicture of His Sacred Maiestie, in His Solitvdes and Svfferings:

     popular captations, which some men use in their Speeches, and Expresses

   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part I (A Voyage to Lilliput):

     “5th, If an express requires extraordinary despatch, the man-mountain shall be obliged to carry, in his pocket, the messenger and horse a six days journey, once in every moon, and return the said messenger back (if so required) safe to our imperial presence.

   • 1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter LX, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 132:

     So much was Sir Edward delighted that he sent an express to inform Lord Meersbrook of this great act of friendship, in order that he might be the more easy on their account;...

副詞

express

1. Moving or operating quickly, as a train not making local stops.

   The train runs express to 96 St.

語源 2

From Old French espresser, expresser, from frequentative form of Latin exprimere.

動詞

express (三人称単数 現在形 expresses, 現在分詞 expressing, 過去形および過去分詞形 expressed)

2. (transitive) To convey or communicate; to make known or explicit.
   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. We passed on the way the van of the guests from Asquith. As we reached the lodge we heard the whistle, and we backed up against one side of the platform as the train pulled up at the other.

   Words cannot express the love I feel for him.

3. (transitive) To press, squeeze out (especially said of milk).
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 13”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     The people of his island of Rokovoko, it seems, at their wedding feasts express the fragrant water of young cocoanuts into a large stained calabash like a punchbowl […]

   • 1949, United States Naval Medical Bulletin, volume 49, number 1, page 61:

     It contained many cysts which were filled with sagolike granules that could be expressed under pressure.

   • 2018 March 15, Kelsey Munroe, The Guardian‎^[2]:

     They don’t have teats, so the mothers express their milk onto their bellies for their young to feed.

4. (biochemistry) To translate messenger RNA into protein.
5. (biochemistry) To transcribe deoxyribonucleic acid into messenger RNA.
   • 2015, Ferris Jabr, How Humans Ended Up With Freakishly Huge Brains Wired‎^[3]:

     When a cell “expresses” a gene, it translates the DNA first into a signature messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and subsequently into a chain of amino acids that forms a protein.

同意語

• outspeak, utter

派生語

• expressed
• expressedly
• express oneself
• re-express

関連する語

• expressible
• expressibly
• expression
• expressive
• expressively
• expressly

名詞

express (複数形 expresses)

1. (obsolete) The action of conveying some idea using words or actions; communication, expression.
   • 1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, V.20:

     Whereby they discoursed in silence, and were intuitively understood from the theory of their expresses.

2. (obsolete) A specific statement or instruction.
   • 1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, II.5:

     This Gentleman [...] caused a man to go down no less than a hundred fathom, with express to take notice whether it were hard or soft in the place where it groweth.