exとは 意味・読み方・使い方

接尾辞

-ex

1. Used to construct company and product names that borrow meaning from the root word.

派生語

• Kardex
• Kleenex
• Lurex
• Memorex
• Timex

アナグラム

• xe

語源

From Middle English, from words borrowed from Middle French; from Latin ex (“out of, from”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-, *eǵs- (“out”), *eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, “out of, from”), Transalpine Gaulish ex- (“out”), Old Irish ess- (“out”), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, “out”), Russian из (iz, “from, out of”).

発音

• IPA^(key): (hyphened always) /ɛks/
• IPA^(key): (unhyphened with primary または secondary stress) /ɛks/, (before a vowel) /ɛɡz/
• IPA^(key): (unhyphened 弱勢) /ɪks/, (before a vowel) /ɪɡz/

接頭辞

ex-

1. out of

   borrowed from Latin: extract, expel, except, expression, exclusion

2. outside

   ex-directory; borrowed from Latin: exterior

3. former, but still living (almost always used with a hyphen)

   ex-husband, ex-president, ex-wife

4. (biology) Lacking.

   excaudate, exstipulate

使用する際の注意点

• Sometimes the x in ex- is elided before certain constants, being reduced to e- (as, e.g., in ejaculate かつ egregious which are borrowed from Latin).
• Words derived from ex- in the sense of former are usually formed with a hyphen. Using hyphen is recommended by GPO manual.^[1]

同意語

• (outside): out-, exo-, ecto-
• (former): then-
• (lacking): an-, -less, -free

反意語

• (outside): in-, intra-, en-/em-/im-, end-/endo-

派生語

Derived words without entries:

参考

• e-
• ex
• extra-

参照

Further reading

• ex- at OneLook Dictionary Search
• “ex-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
• “ex-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
• “ex-”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• ex- in Britannica Dictionary
• “ex-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989, →ISBN.
• “ex-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989, →ISBN.

アナグラム

• XE, xe

Latin

別の表記

• ē- (before b, d, g, j, l, m, n, r, または v)
• ec-, ef- (before f)

語源

The preposition ex, ē used in combination.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /eks/, [ɛks̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /eks/, [eks]

接頭辞

ex-

1. out, away

   ‎ē- + ‎veniō → ‎ēveniō

   ‎ex- + ‎clāmō (“call, shout”) → ‎exclāmō (“call out, exclaim”)

   ‎ex- + ‎eō (“go”) → ‎exeō (“exit, depart”)

2. throughout

   ‎ē- + ‎dormiō → ‎ēdormiō

   ‎ē- + ‎pōtō (“drink”) → ‎ēpōtō (“drink up”)

4. (intensive) thoroughly

   ‎ē- + ‎dūrus → ‎ēdūrō

   ‎ex- + ‎acuō → ‎exacuō

5. denoting achievement

   ‎ex- + ‎ōrō → ‎exōrō

   ‎ex- + ‎pugnō (“battle, fight, combat”) → ‎expugnō (“capture, conquer”)

6. up

   ‎ex- + ‎aggerō → ‎exaggerō

   ‎ex- + ‎struō (“pile, arrange”) → ‎exstruō (“heap up, build up, construct”)

7. denoting privation

   ‎ex- + ‎anima (“air, breath, soul, life”) → ‎exanimō (“deprive of air, deprive of life”)

   ‎ex- + ‎sanguis (“blood”) → ‎exsanguis (“deprived of blood, bloodless”)

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “ex-” on pages 629–630 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

アナグラム

• xe