Latinとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) enPR: lătʹĭn, IPA^(key): /ˈlæt.ɪn/
• (米国発音) enPR: lătʹn, IPA^(key): /ˈlæt.n̩/, [ˈlæʔ.n̩]
• 韻: -ætɪn

別の表記

• Latten, Latine (廃れた用法)

語源 1

From Middle English Latyn, Latyne, Latin, from Old French latin, latyn, from Latin latīnus, from Latium (“the region around Rome”) + -īnus (adjective suffix). Displaced 古期英語 Lǣden. Doublet of Ladino.

形容詞

Latin (not comparable)

1. Of or relating to the language spoken in ancient Rome and other cities of Latium which is now rarely used.
   • 1948, L. E. Elliott-Binns, The Beginnings of Western Christendom, page 257

     Africa was the natural leader because there the number of Christians who were of Roman origin and Latin speech was probably far greater than in so cosmopolitan a city as Rome.

2. Of or relating to the script of the language spoken in ancient Rome and many modern alphabets.
   • 1968, Mladen Bošnjak, A Study of Slavic Incunabula, page 62

     The Serbo-Croatian incunabula printed in Latin letters are indubitably the products of a very modest establishment.

   Synonym: Roman

3. Of or relating to ancient Rome or its Empire.
   • 2000, T. M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, page 176

     The earliest Latin culture of Ireland was heavily indebted to that of Britain […]

   Synonym: Roman

4. Of or relating to Latium (modern Lazio), the region around Rome.
   • 1913, Oscar Browning, A General History of the World, page 151

     From the Campagna and the Latin hills, the flame of rebellion spread to Antium and Terracina, and to the most remote allies of the Romans, the cities of the Campanian plains.

   Synonym: Latian

5. Of or relating to the customs and people descended from the ancient Romans and their Empire.
   • 2002, Dean Foster, The Global Etiquette Guide to Mexico and Latin America, page 11

     Therefore, although Portugal is a Latin culture, the significant African influence in Brazil creates a culture that cannot be defined simply as Latin; consequently, Brazilians prefer to define themselves as South American […]

   Synonym: Romance

6. Of or from Latin America or of Latin American culture.
   • 2008, Michael Miller, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Music History, page 254

     As such, today's Latin music is a synthesis of European, African, and the few indigenous elements that remain.

   Synonyms: Latin American, Latino

7. (Christianity) Roman Catholic; of or pertaining to the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.
   • 1901, John Hackett, A History of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus, page 117

     The Latin bishop now took the Greek bishop by the hand and conducted him to his throne […]

   Synonyms: Catholic, Roman, Roman Catholic

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:Latin.

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English Latin, Latyn, from 古期英語 Lǣden, from Vulgar Latin *ladinum (“Latin”) and Old French latin (“Latin”); all from Latin Latinus (“belonging to Latium”). Later influenced in form by the Latin word. Compare Dutch Latijn (“Latin”), German Latein (“Latin”), Swedish Latin (“Latin”).

固有名詞

Latin (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 Latins)

1. (uncountable) The language of the ancient Romans, other Latins and of the Roman Catholic church, especially Classical Latin.
   • 1799, Edward Dubois, A Piece of Family Biography, Vol. II, p. 20:

     Supper being over, the lawyer took his leave, and the doctor began to ſound the learned clerk reſpecting his proficiency in the dead languages. "As to dead languages," replied the ſchoolmafter, "I was once a vaſt pretty ſcholar indeed, but want of exercise has made me main ſlack—I can't get over my ground as I uſed to do. Then as to the t'other dead fellow, I could never greek it at all, that's flat. And, Lord bleſs you! my Latin is of no more uſe to me here than—than—" Here he ſtuck for want of a ſimile; when Mr. Le Dupe helped him out by ſaying, "that it is to a young man at college, where it is conſidered a pedantic inſult, and an unpardonable bore, to utter a Latin ſentence."

   • 2003, Natalie Harwood, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Learning Latin, 2nd edition, page 13

     When the Christian Church rose in stature in the Dark Ages, its adoption of Latin as the official language assured its eternal life.

   • 2010, Elizabeth Heimbach, A Roman Map Workbook, page 134

     Like Copernicus and Galileo, Johannes Kepler was a renowned astronomer who wrote in Latin.

2. The Latin alphabet or writing system.
3. (printing) The nonsense placeholder text (often based on real Latin) used in greeking.

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:Latin.

下位語

• (varieties of Latin) Latin; Biblical Latin, Classical Latin, Church Latin / Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin, Low Latin, Medieval Latin / Middle Latin, New Latin / Neo-Latin, Old Latin, Recent Latin / Contemporary Latin, Renaissance Latin, Vulgar Latin
  • Anglo-Latin, Early Latin, Neo Latin/Neo-Latin

派生語

関連する語

名詞

Latin (複数形 Latins)

1. (countable) A person native to ancient Rome or its Empire.
   • 1833, Philipp Buttmann (translated by Edward Robinson), A Greek grammar for the use of high schools and universities, page 23

     This appears incontestably from the manner in which the Latins wrote Greek words and names […]

   Synonym: Roman

2. (countable) A person from one of the modern European countries (including Italy, Spain etc.) whose language is descended from Latin.
   • 1933, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, 'All I Survey': a book of essays, page 148

     No; the test of the contrast between modern Latins and modern Teutons is exactly like the test of the contrast between modern Latins and ancient Latins.

   • 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), page 760:

     Latins are always conspicuously dangerous when they are serving an unpopular cause for money.

3. (countable) A person from Latin America.
   • 1922, William Edmund Aughinbaugh, Advertising for trade in Latin-America, page 150

     In the use of patent medicine the average Latin resembles the American of fifty years ago, who generally had a bottle of some concoction on which he depended whenever he felt out of sorts.

   Synonyms: Latin American, Latino

4. (Christianity) A person adhering to Roman Catholic practice.
   • 1853, William Palmer, Dissertations on Subjects Relating to the "Orthodox" or "Eastern-Catholic" Communion, page 118

     The modern Latins have been in the habit of blaming the Greek and other Eastern Liturgies for not consecrating by the recital of OUR SAVIOUR'S words of Institution […]

   Synonyms: Catholic, Roman, Roman Catholic

5. A person native to the ancient region of Latium.

等位語

• (Christianity): Greek, Orthodox

参考

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Latin terms

語源 3

Metonymic occupational surname for a Latinist, a clerk or keeper of Latin records, from Middle English Latyn. Compare Latimer.

固有名詞

Latin (複数形 Latins)

1. A surname, from Middle English​.

統計情報

• According to the 2010 United States Census, Latin is the 35246^th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 639 individuals. Latin is most common among Black/African American (44.44%), White (37.09%) and Hispanic/Latino (15.34%) individuals.

Further reading

• ISO 639-1 code la, ISO 639-3 code lat
• Ethnologue entry for Latin, la
• Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Latin”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York City: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 400.

アナグラム

• talin

発音

• IPA^(key): /ləˈtinaʊ/, /læˈtinaʊ/, /ləˈtineɪ/, /læˈtineɪ/, or as the full phrase "Latino and Latina"

名詞

Latin@ (複数形 Latin@s)

1. Someone of Latin American descent; a Latino or Latina.
   • For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:Latin@.

形容詞

Latin@ (not comparable)

1. Hispanic; Latino or Latina.

同意語

• Latine, Latinx, Latina/o, Latino/a

アナグラム

• talin