dialectとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 方言、国なまり、(特定の職業・階層の)通用語
- 方言; 国なまり.
- the Scottish dialect
- スコットランド方言.
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dialectの学習レベル | レベル:6英検:準1級以上の単語学校レベル:大学以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:730点以上の単語大学入試:最難関大対策レベル |
「dialect」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 336件
a provincial dialect other than the generally spoken dialect発音を聞く例文帳に追加
地方独特の言葉や発音 - EDR日英対訳辞書
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ハイパー英語辞書での「dialect」の意味 |
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日本語WordNet(英和)での「dialect」の意味 |
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dialect
(the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people)
it has been said that a language is a dialect with an army and navy 言語が軍とネイビーによる方言であると言われている |
Weblio英和対訳辞書での「dialect」の意味 |
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dialect
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Dialect
Dialect (computing)
Wiktionary英語版での「dialect」の意味 |
dialect
語源
From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek διάλεκτος (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country または a place または a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from διαλέγομαι (dialégomai, “I participate in a dialogue”), from διά (diá, “inter, through”) + λέγω (légō, “I speak”).
発音
- IPA(key): /ˈdaɪ.əˌlɛkt/
名詞
- (linguistics, strict sense) A lect (often a regional または minority language) as part of a group or family of languages, especially if they are viewed as a single language, or if contrasted with a standardized idiom that is considered the 'true' form of the language (for example, Cantonese as contrasted with Mandarin Chinese または Bavarian as contrasted with Standard German).
- 1995, Michael [G.] Clyne, The German language in a changing Europe, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 117:
- The question could be put: 'Is there anything inherent in a dialect which gives it a negative stigma or is it that the status of the majority of the speakers is transferred to the dialect?' — something that occurs in many regions in different countries.
- 2010, Mirjam Fried, Jan-Ola Östman & Jef Verschueren, editors, Variation and Change: Pragmatic perspectives (Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights; 6), John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, Dialect, by Ronald Macaulay, page 61:
- Bloomfield, for example, noted that “local dialects are spoken by the peasants and the poorest people of the towns” (1933: 50) though he also thought that the lower middle class spoke 'sub-standard' speech.
- (linguistics, broad sense) A variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular area, community, or social group, differing from other varieties of the same language in relatively minor ways as regards grammar, phonology, and lexicon.
- Hyponyms: sociolect, ethnolect, genderlect, regiolect, topolect, geolect, vernacular
- 1988, Andrew Radford, Transformational Grammar: A First Course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 139:
- And in addition, many dialects of English make no morphological distinction between Adjectives and Adverbs, and thus use Adjectives in contexts where the standard language requires -ly Adverbs
- (derogatory) Language that is perceived as substandard or wrong.
- 1975, H. Carl, Linguistic Perspectives on Black English, page 219:
- (colloquial, offensive) A language existing only in an oral or non-standardized form, especially a language spoken in a developing country or an isolated region.
- (computing, programming) A variant of a non-standardized programming language.
- (ornithology) A variant form of the vocalizations of a bird species restricted to a certain area or population.
- 1896, Alfred Newton, A Dictionary of Birds, page 893:
- A curious question, which has as yet attracted but little attention, is whether the notes of the same species of Bird are in all countries alike. From my own observation I am inclined to think that they are not, and that there exist "dialects," so to speak, of the song.
使用する際の注意点
- In some linguistic traditions, the term "dialect" is restricted to nonstandard lects. In scholarly English usage, it refers to both standardized and vernacular forms of language.[1]
- The difference between a language and a dialect is not always clear, and often has more to do with political boundaries than with linguistic differences. It is generally considered that people who speak different dialects of the same language can understand each other, while people who speak different languages cannot, however, in some cases, people who speak different dialects of the same language are mutually unintelligible. Compare species in the biological sense.
派生語
- dialectal
- dialectic
- dialectical
- dialecting
- dialectism
- dialectless
- dialectologist
- dialectology
- dialectometry
- -lect
- nondialect
- subdialect
- superdialect
- supradialect
- transdialect
- dialect continuum
- dialect island
- dialect levelling
- eye dialect
- Kansai dialect
- nonstandard dialect
- regional dialect
- social dialect
- standard dialect
- Urtsun dialect
- vernacular dialect
関連する語
- chronolect
- cryptolect
- ecolect
- ethnolect
- familect
- geolect
- idiolect
- regiolect
- sociolect
- topolect
参考
参照
- ^ McGregor, William (2009) Linguistics: An Introduction, A&C Black, →ISBN, page 160
Further reading
- "dialect" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 105.
- Crystal, David (2008), “dialect”, in A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 6 edition, Blackwell Publishing, →ISBN
- Fodde Melis, Luisanna; (2002) Race, Ethnicity and Dialects: Language Policy and Ethnic Minorities in the United States, FrancoAngeli, →ISBN
「dialect」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 336件
vocabulary of a country dialect発音を聞く例文帳に追加
田舎訛りの言葉 - EDR日英対訳辞書
a dialect発音を聞く例文帳に追加
生まれ故郷の方言 - EDR日英対訳辞書
a dialect in the Kanto Area of Japan, called {'BeiBei' dialect}発音を聞く例文帳に追加
べいべい言葉という,関東地方特有の言葉 - EDR日英対訳辞書
a dialect spoken by servants or chivalrous men called "footman's dialect"発音を聞く例文帳に追加
奴詞という,武家の奴や侠客の言葉づかい - EDR日英対訳辞書
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