coilとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle French coillir (“to gather, pluck, pick, cull”) (French: cueillir), from Latin colligo (“to gather together”), past participle collectus, from com- (“together”) + lego (“to gather”); compare legend. Doublet of cull.

Helical or coil springs

名詞

coil (複数形 coils)

1. Something wound in the form of a helix or spiral.

   the sinuous coils of a snake

   • (Can we date this quote by Washington Irving かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     The wild grapevines that twisted their coils from tree to tree.

2. Any intrauterine device (Abbreviation: IUD)—the first IUDs were coil-shaped.
3. (electrical) A coil of electrically conductive wire through which electricity can flow.
4. (figuratively) Entanglement; perplexity.
   • a. 1722, Matthew Prior, “Human Life”, in H. Bunker Wright, Monroe K. Spears, editors, The Literary Works of Matthew Prior, volume I, Second edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1971, page 687:

     What trifling coil do we mortals keep;
     Wake, eat, and drink, evacuate, and sleep.

同意語

• (coil of conductive wire): inductor

派生語

派生した語

• → Japanese: コイル (koiru)

動詞

coil (三人称単数 現在形 coils, 現在分詞 coiling, 過去形および過去分詞形 coiled)

1. To wind or reel e.g. a wire or rope into regular rings, often around a centerpiece.

   A simple transformer can be made by coiling two pieces of insulated copper wire around an iron heart.

2. To wind into loops (roughly) around a common center.

   The sailor coiled the free end of the hawser on the pier.

3. To wind cylindrically or spirally.

   to coil a rope when not in use

   The snake coiled itself before springing.

4. (obsolete, まれに) To encircle and hold with, or as if with, coils.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of T. Edwards to this entry?)

語源 2

Origin unknown.

名詞

coil (複数形 coils)

1. (now obsolete except in phrases) A noise, tumult, bustle, or turmoil.
   • a. 1738, Thomas Urquhart, Peter Anthony Motteux, and John Ozell (translators), François Rabelais, Gargantua and Pantagruel

     And when he saw that all the dogs were flocking about her, yarring at the retardment of their access to her, and every way keeping such a coil with her as they are wont to do about a proud or salt bitch, he forthwith departed […]

   • 1594, William Shakespeare, Titus Andronicus, Act III:

     If the windes rage, doth not the Sea wax mad, / Threatning the welkin with his big-swolne face? / And wilt thou haue a reason for this coile?

   • 1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, in Kupperman 1988, p. 162:

     this great Savage desired also to see him. A great coyle there was to set him forward.

   • 1704, [Jonathan Swift], “Section IV”, in A Tale of a Tub. […], London: Printed for John Nutt, […], OCLC 752990886, pages 99–100:

     [T]hey continued ſo extremely fond of Gold, that if Peter ſent them abroad, though it were only upon a Complement; they would Roar, and Spit, and Belch, and Piſs, and Fart, and Snivle out Fire, and keep a perpetual Coyl, till you flung them a Bit of Gold; [...]

派生語

• mortal coil

Further reading

• coil in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• coil in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

アナグラム

• Clio, loci