APPARATUSとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音, General South African, India)
  • IPA^(key): /æ.pəˈɹeɪ.təs/
  • 韻: -eɪ.təs
• (米国発音, Canada, Philippine)
  • IPA^(key): /æ.pəˈɹæ.təs/
  • 韻: -ætəs
• (英国発音, General Australian, General New Zealand, General South African, Jamaica)
  • IPA^(key): /æpəˈɹɑːtəs/
  • 韻: -ɑːtəs

名詞

apparatus (plural apparatuses or apparatusses or apparatus or (まれに) apparatûs or (hypercorrect) apparati)

1. The entirety of means whereby a specific production is made existent or task accomplished.
   • 2017 August 20, “The Observer view on the attacks in Spain”, in The Observer‎^[1]:

     Many jihadist plots have been foiled and the security apparatus is getting better, overall, at pre-empting those who would do us ill. But, they say, the nature of the threat and the terrorists’ increasing use of low-tech, asymmetrical tactics such as hire vehicles and knives, make it all but impossible to stop every assault.

   Synonyms: dynamic, mechanism, setup

2. A complex machine or instrument.

   Synonyms: device, instrument, machinery

3. An assortment of tools and instruments.
   • 1786, John Jeffries; Jean-Pierre Blanchard, A narrative of the two aerial Voyages of Dr. J. with Mons. Blanchard: with meteorological observations and remarks.‎^[2], page 45:

     We immediately threw out all the little things we had with us, ſuch as biſcuits, apples, &c. and after that one of our oars or wings; but ſtill deſcending, we caſt away the other wing, and then the governail ; having likewiſe had the precaution, for fear of accidents, while the Balloon was filling, partly to looſen and make it go eaſy, I now ſucceeded in attempting to reach without the Car, and unſcrewing the moulinet, with all its apparatus; I likewiſe caſt that into the ſea.

   Synonyms: tools, gear, equipment

4. A bureaucratic organization, especially one influenced by political patronage.

   Synonym: machine

5. (firefighting) A vehicle used for emergency response.
6. (gymnastics) Any of the equipment on which the gymnasts perform their movements.

   Hyponyms: parallel bars, uneven bars, vault, floor, pommel horse, rings aka still rings, horizontal bar aka high bar, balance beam

7. (video games) A complex, highly modified weapon (typically not a firearm); a weaponized “Rube Goldberg machine.”

   Hyponyms: windlass crossbow, compound bow, complex trap

使用する際の注意点

The word is occasionally used as an invariant plural, as in look at all of those apparatus, maintaining the Latin inflection in English on a loanword basis. But because the word also has a mass noun sense in English and it often appears in such a way that its number (単数形 または plural) is disguised by absence of any inflectional or lexical signals as to which of these two senses pertained in the mind of the writer, readers may parse it in either sense. Thus in the phrase he was dazzled by the electronic apparatus scattered throughout the room, either parsing works, and the reader cannot tell which one the writer had in mind, although that slight ambiguity is unimportant to the point being made.

関連する語

• apparat

派生語

Latin

語源

Perfect passive participle of apparō (“prepare”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ap.paˈraː.tus/, [äpːäˈɾäːt̪ʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ap.paˈra.tus/, [ɑpːɑˈɾɑːt̪us]

Participle

apparātus (feminine apparāta, neuter apparātum, 比較級 apparātior, 最上級 apparātissimus); first/second-declension participle

1. prepared, ready, having been prepared
2. supplied, furnished, having been supplied
3. magnificent, sumptuous, elaborate

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

名詞

apparātus m (genitive apparātūs); fourth declension

1. preparation, a getting ready
2. A providing
3. tools, implements, instruments, engines
4. supplies, material
5. magnificence, splendor, pomp
6. vocative singular of apparātus

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生した語

名詞

apparātūs m

1. genitive singular of apparātus
2. nominative plural of apparātus
3. accusative plural of apparātus
4. vocative plural of apparātus

参照

• apparatus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• apparatus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• apparatus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• apparatus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to entertain, regale a person: accipere aliquem (bene, copiose, laute, eleganter, regio apparatu, apparatis epulis)
    
  • preparations for war; war-material: apparatus (まれに in plur.) belli