poleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English pole, pal, from 古期英語 pāl (“a pole, stake, post; a kind of hoe または spade”), from Proto-West Germanic *pāl (“pole”), from Latin pālus (“stake, pale, prop, stay”), perhaps from Old Latin *paxlos, from Proto-Italic *pākslos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to nail, fasten”). Doublet of peel, pale, and palus.

名詞

pole (複数形 poles)

1. Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.
   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     For a spell we done pretty well. Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand.

2. A construction by which an animal is harnessed to a carriage.

   Meronyms: pole-guard, pole-hook, pole-hound, pole-pad, pole-pin, pole-pin-strap, pole-plate, pole-ring, pole-screen, pole-socket, pole-stop, pole-strap

   Synonyms: carriage pole, beam, shaft, drawbar

3. (fishing) A type of basic fishing rod.
4. A long sports implement used for pole-vaulting; now made of glassfiber or carbon fiber, formerly also metal, bamboo and wood have been used.
5. (slang, spotting) A telescope used to identify birds, aeroplanes or wildlife.
6. (historical) A unit of length, equal to a rod (¹⁄₄ chain または 5+¹⁄₂ yards).
7. (motor racing) Pole position.
8. (US, African-American Vernacular, slang) A gun.
9. (vulgar, slang) A penis.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:stick
• (unit of length): rod

派生語

動詞

pole (三人称単数 現在形 poles, 現在分詞 poling, 過去形および過去分詞形 poled)

1. To propel by pushing with poles, to push with a pole.

   Huck Finn poled that raft southward down the Mississippi because going northward against the current was too much work.

2. To identify something quite precisely using a telescope.

   He poled off the serial of the Gulfstream to confirm its identity.

3. (transitive) To furnish with poles for support.

   to pole beans or hops

4. (transitive) To convey on poles.

   to pole hay into a barn

5. (transitive) To stir, as molten glass, with a pole.
6. (transitive, baseball) To strike (the ball) very hard.
   • 2007, Tony Silvia, Baseball Over the Air:

     Long had poled the ball into the lower deck in right center.

語源 2

From Middle French pole, pôle, from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “axis of rotation”).

名詞

pole (複数形 poles)

1. Either of the two points on the earth's surface around which it rotates; also, similar points on any other rotating object.
2. A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north かつ south).
3. (geometry) A fixed point relative to other points or lines.
5. (electricity) A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.
6. (complex analysis) For a meromorphic function ${\displaystyle f(z)}$, any point ${\displaystyle a}$ for which ${\displaystyle f(z)\rightarrow \infty }$ as ${\displaystyle z\rightarrow a}$.

   The function ${\displaystyle f(z)={\frac {1}{z-3}}}$ has a single pole at ${\displaystyle z=3}$.

7. (obsolete) The firmament; the sky.
   • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], H[enry] Lawes, editor, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:

     And the slope sun his upward beam / Shoots against the dusky pole,

     page 211

8. Either of the states that characterize a bipolar disorder.

反意語

• (complex analysis): zero

派生語

動詞

pole (三人称単数 現在形 poles, 現在分詞 poling, 過去形および過去分詞形 poled)

1. (transitive) To induce piezoelectricity in (a substance) by aligning the dipoles.

アナグラム

• LEPO, lope, olpe, pleo-

Latin

名詞

pole

1. vocative singular of polus

参照

• pole in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “pole”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers