plusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /plʌs/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /pɫɐs/
• 韻: -ʌs

前置詞

plus

1. And; sum of the previous one and the following one.

   Two plus two equals four.

   A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms plus one of oxygen.

2. (colloquial) With; having in addition.

   I've won a holiday to France plus five hundred euros in spending money!

同意語

• and

反意語

• minus

接続詞

plus

1. And also; in addition; besides (which).

   Let's go home now. It's late, plus I'm not feeling too well.

名詞

plus (複数形 pluses または plusses)

1. A positive quantity.
   • 2023 April 19, Pip Dunn, “Jack of all trades... and master of most”, in RAIL, number 981, page 57:

     But the pluses far outweigh the criticisms.

2. An asset or useful addition.

   He is a real plus to the team.

   • 2000 July 6, N. R. Kleinfield, quoting Dog, “Guarding the Borders Of the Hip-Hop Nation”, in The New York Times‎^[1], →ISSN:

     Look at Trife. He's got two felonies. That means he's finished in society. But he can rap. His two felonies, in rap, man, that's a plus.

3. (arithmetic) A plus sign: +.
4. A way to address the entire lgbtqia+ community replacing the ever-growing lgbtqia+ acronym without the negative connotations associated with the term queer.

同意語

• (useful addition): asset
• (arithmetic: plus sign): plus sign

反意語

• (useful addition): liability, minus
• (arithmetic: plus sign): minus, minus sign

形容詞

plus (not comparable)

1. Being positive rather than negative or zero.

   −2 * −2 = +4 ("minus 2 times minus 2 equals plus four")

2. Positive, or involving advantage.

   He is a plus factor.

3. (physics) Electrically positive.

   A battery has both a plus pole and a minus pole.

4. (postpositive) (Of a quantity) Equal to or greater than; or more; upwards.

   The bus can fit 60 plus kids, but we only get 48.

同意語

• (being positive rather than negative または zero): positive
• (positive, involving advantage): advantageous, good, positive

反意語

• (being positive rather than negative または zero): minus, negative
• (positive, involving advantage): bad, disadvantageous, minus, negative

動詞

plus (三人称単数 現在形 pluses または plusses, 現在分詞 plusing または plussing, 過去形および過去分詞形 plused または plussed)

1. (informal) To add; to subject to addition.
   • 1973, Australian Council for Educational Research, ACER research series - Issues 93-95, page 39:

     For him y is a unique number, like 7, but for the time being unknown — if one does the operation of 'plussing 4' one still has, as a result, a unique number even though one does not yet know what it is.

   • 1974, Control of Human Behavior: Behavior modification in education:

     The teacher observing the behavior of a child who is plussing or not-plussing is observing instances or not-instances of the concept of plussing.

2. (often followed by 'up') To increase in magnitude.
   • 2006, Danny Fingeroth, Mike Manley, How to Create Comics: From Script to Print, →ISBN, page 48:

     I am doing a lot of writing here, plussing the script, adding sequences.

   • 2009, United States Congress House Committee on Homeland Security, The Direction and Viability of the Federal Protective Service:

     We are losing at the street level a number of officers, but we are plussing up deputy positions.

   • 2012, United States Congress House Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Personnel, Military Retirement Reform, page 24:

     And I believe that, if we can't recognize that in retirement, we ought to recognize it in plussing up hazardous duty pay, plussing up sea duty pay and all those other things that recognize people that don't punch out on Saturday, on Friday afternoon and go home, and just, you know, go day after day after day.

3. To improve.
   • 1998, Nate Booth, Strategies for Fast-Changing Times, →ISBN, page 91:

     Coach Wooden didn't have to depend upon having the most talented players on his team because he could depend upon plussing to constantly make everyone better.

   • 2007, Howard Hendricks, Color Outside the Lines, →ISBN, page 123:

     Keep fooling around with it, improving it, and making it better. You know you have a unique factor when someone steals it. So keep the unique factor unique by constantly plussing it.

   • 2004, Pat Williams, Jim Denney, How to Be Like Walt: Capturing the Disney Magic Every Day of Your Life, →ISBN, page 154:

     He was a pioneer in plussing the artform of animated cartoons. He began by plussing Micky Mouse with sound, the plussing the Silly Symphonies with color. Walt plussed the skills of his artists by sending them to art school at his own expense.

4. To provide critical feedback by giving suggestions for improvement rather than criticisms.
   • 2013, David Burkus, The Myths of Creativity, →ISBN:

     The animators and directors on the receiving end of the plussing don't necessarily have to accept and incorporate the feedback, but plussing provides a method to share criticisms in a way that makes it more likely that they will.

   • 2014, Steven Krupp, Paul J.H. Schoemaker, Winning the Long Game: How Strategic Leaders Shape the Future, →ISBN:

     Strategic leaders can adapt the US Army's after-action review and Pixar's plussing technique (where you build on ideas rather than critique かつ subtract) to show their teams how to learn from mistakes.

   • 2014, BusinessNews Publishing, Summary : Little Bets - Peter Sims, →ISBN:

     When people view the early drafts of ideas for their movies under development, they always use plussing to try and come up with suggestions for enhancements. Feedback is always given in an upbeat rather than a derogatory manner.

5. (sales) To sell additional related items with an original purchase.
   • 1920, The Current Business Cyclopedia: Business Digest:

     Good will is also secured by plussing the original purchase with another article that goes appropriately with it.

   • 1986, Max Fallek, How to Set Up and Operate Your Own Law Practice:

     Plussing the original sale creates a win-win situation. The customer benefits because it often saves him the time necessary to run back to the store for overlooked items.

6. (psychology) To frame in a positive light; to provide a sympathetic interpretation.
   • 1979, Douglas A. Puryear, Helping People in Crisis, page 87:

     Plussing is a technique for enhancing a positive atmosphere in the session, for diminishing hostility, and for raising self-esteem.

   • 1997, Bernard L. Bloom, Planned short-term psychotherapy: a clinical handbook, page 187:

     In addition to active listening as a general therapeutic strategy, Puryear identifies two specific techniques, plussing and paradox, that are used throughout the crisis intervention.

   • 2015, Kenneth France, Crisis Intervention, →ISBN, page 177:

     When plussing, the intervenor introduces novel viewpoints that can increase the self-esteem of both the attacker and the target.

7. (social media, dated) To give a mark of approval on Google+.

   Coordinate term: like

   • 2012, Lee Odden, Optimize, →ISBN, page 111:

     How do you get others to add you or your brand to their circles? By creating and sharing useful content, commenting, plussing others' content and comments, and engaging with others on Google+.

   • 2014, Ed Catmull, Creativity, Inc., →ISBN, page 279:

     Everyone was plussing them or liking them or pinning them. The videos went viral.

8. (homeopathy) To increase the potency of a remedy by diluting it in water and stirring.
   • 2005, B. Sahni, Transmission of Homoeo Drug Energy from Distance, →ISBN, page 188:

     On hearing this, plussing was done (all medicated water of the phial was thrown away かつ fresh distilled was added かつ 10 strokes were given) on the 13th February 1974.

   • 2007, Kate Birch, Vaccine Free Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Contagious Disease with Homeopathy, →ISBN:

     From the remaining water a second dilution can be prepared plussing it to the next slightly higher potency.

   • 2011, Kim Lane, Homeopathy for Home: Acute Illness & Injury Care, →ISBN, page 29:

     Plussing is used quite frequently in a patient who's quite sensitive or has an acute problem happening or needs to change his dose or need to take it over several days.

9. (optometry) To increase a correction.
   • 1976, David M. Worthen, Perry S. Binder, The intraocular lens in perspective, →ISBN, page 2:

     No aspheric cataract spectacle lens designer has ever given the slightest thought to this 4 to 6 diopters of over-plussing for peripheral vision which is responsible for tremendous peripheral distortion, worse peripheral swim, worse false orientation, worse magnification, severe concave curvature of field ("The floor comes up at you"), increased ring scotoma size and increase jack-in-the-box phenomenon (the "horse-blinder effect") with unsafe walking and driving.

派生語

参考

• add
• addition
• times

アナグラム

• LPUS, ULPs, puls, ulps

Latin

語源

From Old Latin plous, from Proto-Italic *plēōs, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-, *pelh₁u- (“many”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many”), 古期英語 feolo (“much, many”). More at fele.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pluːs/, [pɫ̪uːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /plus/, [plus]

形容詞

plūs (neuter plūs); third declension

1. comparative degree of multus
   1. (more in quantity) more, additionally

      Synonym: magis (magis indicates more in degree)

   2. (more in extent) further

      Plus ultra! = "Further beyond!" (this is the national motto of Spain)

語形変化

Irregular third-declension comparative adjective.

Note: Singular forms take the genitive of the whole and do not function as adjectives.

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “plus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “plus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• plus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• plus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • twenty years and more: viginti anni et amplius, aut plus
    
  • one, two, several days had passed, intervened: dies unus, alter, plures intercesserant
    
  • to expend great labour on a thing: egregiam operam (multum, plus etc. operae) dare alicui rei
    
  • to discuss a subject more fully on the same lines: plura in eam sententiam disputare
    
  • to give a full, detailed account of a thing: pluribus verbis, copiosius explicare, persequi aliquid
    
  • to possess great political insight: plus in re publica videre
    
  • to say nothing further on..: ut plura non dicam
    
  • in short; to be brief: ne multa, quid plura? sed quid opus est plura?
    
  • more of this another time: sed de hoc alias pluribus