temperatureとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛmp(ə)ɹətʃə(ɹ)/, /ˈtɛmp(ə)ɹəˌtʃʊə(ɹ)/, /ˈtɛmpə(ɹ)tʃə(ɹ)/, /ˈtɛmpə(ɹ)ˌtʃʊə(ɹ)/

名詞

temperature (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 temperatures)

1. A measure of cold or heat, often measurable with a thermometer.

   The boiling temperature of pure water is 100 degrees Celsius.

   The temperature in the room dropped nearly 20 degrees; it went from hot to cold.

   The most accurate way to take your temperature is by sticking a thermometer up your butt.

   • 2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:

     Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.

2. An elevated body temperature, as present in fever and many illnesses.

   You have a temperature. I think you should stay home today. You’re sick.

   • 1951, Josephine Tey, The Daughter of Time:

     "Aren't you feeling so well this morning?" she asked him anxiously. "Do you think you've got a temperature?"

3. (thermodynamics) A property of macroscopic amounts of matter that serves to gauge the average intensity of the random actual motions of the individually mobile particulate constituents. [1]
4. (obsolete) The state or condition of being tempered or moderated.
5. (now rare, archaic) The balance of humours in the body, or one's character or outlook as considered determined from this; temperament.
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970:

     , Bk.I, New York 2001, p.136:

     Our intemperence it is that pulls so many several incurable diseases on our heads, that hastens old age, perverts our temperature, and brings upon us sudden death.

   • 1759, Laurence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, Penguin 2003, p.5:

     […] that not only the production of a rational Being was concern'd in it, but that possibly the happy foundation and temperature of his body, perhaps his genius and the very cast of his mind […]

   • 1993, James Michie, trans. Ovid, The Art of Love, Book II:

     Only a strong dose of love will cure / A woman with an angry temperature.

引用

• 2007, James Shipman, Jerry Wilson, Aaron Todd, An Introduction to Physical Science: Twelfth Edition, pages 106–108:

  Heat and temperature, although different, are intimately related. […] For example, suppose you added equal amounts of heat to equal masses of iron and aluminum. How do you think their temperatures would change? […] if the temperature of the iron increased by 100 C°, the corresponding temperature change in the aluminum would be only 48 C°.

下位語

派生語

• land skin temperature

関連する語

• temperature inversion

参考

• Customary: degrees Fahrenheit (°F), degrees Rankine (°R, measures absolute temperature)
• Metric: degrees Celsius/centigrade (°C), kelvins (K, measures absolute temperature)
• Thesaurus:temperature
• cool
• cold
• fresh
• fever
• hot
• lukewarm
• warm

参照

• temperature on Wikipedia.