advantageとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English avantage, avauntage, from Old French avantage, from avant (“before”), from Late Latin ab ante. The spelling with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be from Latin ad (see advance). For sense development, compare foredeal.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ədˈvɑːn.tɪd͡ʒ/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ədˈvæn.(t)ɪd͡ʒ/

名詞

advantage (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 advantages)

1. (countable) Any condition, circumstance, opportunity or means, particularly favorable or chance to success, or to any desired end.

   The enemy had the advantage of a more elevated position.

   • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i]:

     Give me advantage of some brief discourse.

   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 45, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

     the advantages of a close alliance

   • 2013 June 7, Ed Pilkington, “‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 6:

     In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.

2. (obsolete) Superiority; mastery; — used with of to specify its nature or with over to specify the other party.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Corinthians 2:11:

     Lest Satan should get an advantage of us.

3. (countable, uncountable) Superiority of state, or that which gives it; benefit; gain; profit

   the advantage of a good constitution

   Having the faster car is of little advantage.

4. (tennis) The score where one player wins a point after deuce but needs the next to carry the game.
5. (soccer) The continuation of the game after a foul against the attacking team, because the attacking team are in an advantageous position.
   • 2012 November 17, “Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     Webb played an advantage that enabled Cazorla to supply a low cross from the left for Giroud to sweep home first time, despite Gallas and Vertonghen being in close attendance.

6. Interest of money; increase; overplus (as the thirteenth in the baker's dozen).
   • c. 1596, William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii]:

     And with advantage means to pay thy love.

同意語

• (favorable condition または position): edge, vantage
• (superiority of state, positive aspect): benefit, perk, upside, pro, foredeal
• (in tennis): ad

反意語

• disadvantage, drawback

派生語

関連する語

• advance
• vantage

動詞

advantage (三人称単数 現在形 advantages, 現在分詞 advantaging, 過去形および過去分詞形 advantaged)

1. (transitive) to provide (someone) with an advantage, to give an edge to [from 15th c.]
2. (reflexive) to do something for one's own benefit; to take advantage of [from 16th c.]
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 7, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:

     No man of courage vouchsafeth to advantage himselfe [translating s'avantager] of that which is common unto many.

使用する際の注意点

• Some authorities object to the use of advantage as a verb meaning "to provide with an advantage".

同意語

• favor, favorise
• benefit

派生語

• advantageable

参照

• advantage at OneLook Dictionary Search
• advantage in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913