meritとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 (称賛に値する)価値、長所、取りえ、美点、手柄、勲功、功績、功労、(請求の)実態、本案
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「merit」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 1107件
the order of merit発音を聞く例文帳に追加
勲等 - EDR日英対訳辞書
the order of merit and grade発音を聞く例文帳に追加
勲等と位階 - EDR日英対訳辞書
a small accomplishment or merit発音を聞く例文帳に追加
小さな功績 - EDR日英対訳辞書
the Order of Merit発音を聞く例文帳に追加
メリット勲章[勲位]. - 研究社 新英和中辞典
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Wiktionary英語版での「merit」の意味 |
merit
語源
The noun is derived from Middle English merit, merite (“quality of person’s character または conduct deserving of reward または punishment; such reward または punishment; excellence, worthiness; benefit; right to be rewarded for spiritual service; retribution at doomsday; virtue through which Jesus Christ brings about salvation; virtue possessed by a holy person; power of a pagan deity”),[1] from Anglo-Norman merit, merite, Old French merite (“moral worth, reward; merit”) (modern French mérite), from Latin meritum (“that which one deserves, deserts; benefit, reward, merit; service; kindness; importance, value, worth; blame, demerit, fault; grounds, reason”), neuter of meritus (“deserved, earned, obtained; due, proper, right; deserving, meritorious”), perfect passive participle of mereō (“to deserve, earn, obtain, merit; to earn a living”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mer- (“to allot, assign”). The English word is probably cognate with Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “component, part; portion, share; destiny, fate, lot”) and cognate with Old Occitan merit.[2]
The verb is derived from Middle French meriter, Old French meriter (“to deserve, merit”) (modern French mériter), from merite: see further above. The word is cognate with Italian meritare (“to deserve, merit; to be worth; to earn”), Latin meritāre (“to earn regularly; to serve as a soldier”), Spanish meritar (“to deserve, merit; to earn”).[3]
発音
名詞
merit (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 merits)
- (countable) A claim to commendation or a reward.
- (countable) A mark or token of approbation or to recognize excellence.
- (countable, uncountable) Something deserving or worthy of positive recognition or reward.
- 1877, Richard Fuller, “Sermon Thirteenth. The Gospel Stifled by Covetousness.”, in Sermons by Richard Fuller, […] (Second Series), Baltimore, Md.: Published by John F[rederick] Weishampel, Jr.; Philadelphia, Pa.: American Baptist Publication Society; New York, N.Y.: Sheldon and Company, OCLC 1084857360, page 244:
- In all our noble Anglo-Saxon language, there is scarcely a nobler word than worth; yet this term has now almost exclusively a pecuniary meaning. So that if you ask what a man is worth, nobody ever thinks of telling you what he is, but what he has. The answer will never refer to his merits, his virtues, but always to his possessions. He is worth—so much money.
- (uncountable, Buddhism, Jainism) The sum of all the good deeds that a person does which determines the quality of the person's next state of existence and contributes to the person's growth towards enlightenment.
- 1855 October, “Siamese Merit-making”, in The Church Missionary Gleaner, volume V (New Series), London: Seeley, Jackson and Halliday […], OCLC 1061908554, page 118:
- It is no small tax upon the people to support their [Buddhist] priests, but they do it with a willing heart. When I was once at the old capital, I saw a woman, from her own stock, feed more than fifty priests, who came to her in his turn, and received his portion. [...] If I had asked her why she thus spent so much of her living, her answer would have been, 'To make merit.'
- 2015, Monica Lindberg Falk, “Communication across Boundaries”, in Post-Tsunami Recovery in Thailand: Socio-cultural Responses (The Modern Anthropology of Southeast Asia), Abingdon, Oxfordshire; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 90:
- At funerals, acts of sharing religious merit are central and relatives of the deceased make merit in order to ensure that the departed family member will have a favourable rebirth.
- (uncountable, law) Usually in the plural form the merits: the substantive rightness or wrongness of a legal argument, a lawsuit, etc., as opposed to technical matters such as the admissibility of evidence or points of legal procedure; (by extension) the overall good or bad quality, or rightness or wrongness, of some other thing.
- 2014, Karel Wellens, “Failed Post-adjudicative Negotiations and Returning to the Court”, in Negotiations in the Case Law of the International Court of Justice: A Functional Analysis, Farnham, Surrey; Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate Publishing, →ISBN, part III (Negotiations during the Post-adjudicative Phase), page 311:
- [I]n most cases once the Court has performed its judicial function – as it had been determined by the parties through their Application or Special Agreement and their submissions – and has rendered its judgment on the merits of the case, a new phrase of functional interaction commences.
- (countable, obsolete) The quality or state of deserving retribution, whether reward or punishment.
派生語
- badge of merit (廃れた用法), merit badge
- demerit
- figure of merit
- immerit
- immeritorious
- immeritoriously
- merit badger
- merit badging, merit-badging
- merit field
- merit good
- meritable
- meritless
- meritmonger (廃れた用法)
- meritocracy
- meritocrat
- meritocratic
- meritocratically
- meritorious
- meritoriously
- meritoriousness
- meritory (廃れた用法)
- meritous
- overmerit
- unmeritocratic
- unmeritorious
動詞
merit (三人称単数 現在形 merits, 現在分詞 meriting, 過去形および過去分詞形 merited)
- (transitive) To deserve, to earn.
- 1806, “Art. I.—Voyages en Italie, &c. Travels in Italy and Sicily, Made in 1801 and 1802. By M. Creuzé de Lesser, Member of the Legislative Body. 8vo. Paris. 1806. Imported by De Conchy. [book review]”, in The Critical Review: Or, Annals of Literature (Series the Third), volume IX (Appendix), number V, London: Printed for J. Mawman, […]; and sold by J. Deighton, […]; Hanwell and Parker, and J. Cooke, […], OCLC 1065758738, page 465:
- 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, page 78:
- Although the Celebrity was almost impervious to sarcasm, he was now beginning to exhibit visible signs of uneasiness, the consciousness dawning upon him that his eccentricity was not receiving the ovation it merited.
- 2014, Hanoch Sheinman, “Tort Law and Distributive Justice”, in John Oberdiek, editor, Philosophical Foundations of the Law of Torts, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part III (The Aristotelian Distinction), page 361:
- Take the principle that requires distribution of help in accord with need. It would certainly support allocating some help to its only potential recipient, provided she is in need. And on the plausible assumption that the more meriting of some good one is the more good one merits, the principle would support allocating more of the help to her the greater her needs.
- (intransitive) To be deserving or worthy.
- 1753, Thomas of Jesus, “Suffering of Christ. [Contemplation on Christ Carrying His Cross.]”, in The Sufferings of Our Lord Jesus Christ. Written Originally in Portuguese [...] Newly and Faithfully Translated into English. In Three Volumes, volume III, London: Printed for J. Marmaduke, OCLC 1103171114, paragraph VIII, page 209:
- (transitive, obsolete, rare) To reward.
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) merit | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | merit | merited | |
2nd-person singular | |||
3rd-person singular | merits | ||
plural | merit | ||
subjunctive | merit | merited | |
imperative | merit | — | |
participles | meriting | merited |
参照
- ^ “merī̆t(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ “merit, n.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2001; “merit”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “merit, v.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2001.
Further reading
- merit (Buddhism) on Wikipedia.
- merit (Catholicism) on Wikipedia.
- merit (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.
- merit in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
- merit in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
- merit at OneLook Dictionary Search
Weblio例文辞書での「merit」に類似した例文 |
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merit
親切 → unkindness 不親切.
a brilliant mind
the caritas
「merit」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 1107件
to hang up a certificate of merit or matter of distinction発音を聞く例文帳に追加
額を揚げ示す - EDR日英対訳辞書
relative merit or superiority (pass inspection: of thing)発音を聞く例文帳に追加
物が検査などに合格する - EDR日英対訳辞書
Does she have any merit?発音を聞く例文帳に追加
彼女にはなにかとりえがありますか。 - Tanaka Corpus
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