minorとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Middle English, borrowed from Latin minor (“less, smaller, inferior”). Compare Latin minuō, Old High German minniro.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈmaɪ.nə(ɹ)/
• 異形同音異義語: miner, mynah (non-rhotic accents)
• 韻: -aɪnə(ɹ)

形容詞

minor (comparative more minor, superlative most minor)

1. Lesser in importance, size, degree, seriousness, or significance; comparatively unimportant.

   The physical appearance of a candidate is a minor factor in recruitment.

   of minor importance

   • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page viii:

     There is now such an immense "microliterature" on hepatics that, beyond a certain point I have given up trying to integrate (かつ evaluate) every minor paper published—especially narrowly floristic papers.

   1. (medicine) Not serious or involving risk to life.

      She suffered a minor injury.

2. (music):
   1. (of a scale) Having intervals of a semitone between the second and third degrees, and (usually) the fifth and sixth, and the seventh and eighth.

      a minor scale

   2. (of an interval) Characteristic of a minor scale and less by a semitone than the equivalent major interval.
      1. Having a minor third above the root.

         minor triad

   3. (usually postpositive) (of a key または mode) Based on a minor scale and tending to produce a sad or pensive effect.
3. Not having reached majority.

   minor children

   Synonym: underage

   1. (Britain, dated) Indicating the younger of two brothers, following a surname in public schools.
4. (Canada, 米国用法, education) Of or relating to an academic subject requiring fewer courses than a major.
5. (logic):
   1. (of a term) Occurring as the subject of the conclusion of a categorical syllogism.
   2. (of a premise) Containing the minor term in a categorical syllogism.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:insignificant
• See also Thesaurus:small

反意語

• major

派生語

関連する語

名詞

minor (複数形 minors)

1. A person who is below the age of majority, consent, criminal responsibility or other adult responsibilities and accountabilities.

   It is illegal to sell weapons to minors under the age of eighteen.

   Antonym: adult

   1. (英国用法 スラング, dated) A younger brother (especially at a public school).
2. (music):
   1. Ellipsis of minor scale.
   2. Ellipsis of minor interval.
   3. Ellipsis of minor key.
   4. (campanology) Bell changes rung on six bells.
3. (Canada, 米国用法, sports, in the plural) The minor leagues in baseball or American football.
4. (Canada, 米国用法, education) A subject area of secondary concentration of a student at a college or university.

   I had so many credit hours of English, it became my minor.

   1. The student who has chosen such a secondary concentration.

      I became an English minor.

5. (mathematics) A determinant of a square submatrix.
6. (logic):
   1. Ellipsis of minor term.
   2. Ellipsis of minor premise.
7. (bridge) Ellipsis of minor suit.
8. (entomology):
   1. A small drab moth which has purplish caterpillars that feed on grass.
   2. A small worker in a leaf-cutter ant colony, sized between a minim and a media.

反意語

• major

派生語

• minoress

動詞

minor (三人称単数 現在形 minors, 現在分詞 minoring, 過去形および過去分詞形 minored) (intransitive)

1. Used in a phrasal verb: minor in.

参照

• “minor”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• “minor”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary, (Please provide a date または year).
• Minor in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

アナグラム

• Miron, Morin, morin

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.nor/, [ˈmɪnɔr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.nor/, [ˈmiːnɔr]

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *minwōs. Doublet of minuō.

形容詞

minor (neuter minus, positive parvus); third declension

1. comparative degree of parvus:
   1. less, lesser, inferior, smaller
      • Caesar, de Bello Gallico VII, 16:

        Vercingetorix minoribus Caesarem itineribus subsequitur

        Vercingetorix follows Caesar by shorter marches

   2. cheaper
   3. younger

Inflection

Third-declension comparative adjective.

反意語

• maior

派生した語

名詞

minor m (genitive minōris); third declension

1. subordinate, minor, inferior in rank
2. person under age (e.g. 25 years old), minor
   1. (poetic, in the plural) children; descendants, posterity

      29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.532–533:

      nunc fama minores Italiam dixisse ducis de nomine gentem.

      now there is a rumor that a later people called the land Italy from the name of their leader.

Inflection

Third-declension noun.

語源 2

From minae (“threats, menaces”) +‎ -or (verbal suffix). Doublet of minō.

動詞

minor (present infinitive minārī, perfect active minātus sum); first conjugation, deponent

1. (literally, poetic) jut forth, protrude, project
2. (transferred sense) [+ablative] threaten, menace

Inflection

派生語

派生した語

参照

• (adjective) minor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• (verb) minor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• minor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• minor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• minor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be not yet twenty: minorem esse viginti annis
    
  • to be indisposed: leviter aegrotare, minus valere
    
• minor in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• minor in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin