shareとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English schare, schere, from 古期英語 scearu (“a cutting, shaving, a shearing, tonsure, part, division, share”), from Proto-Germanic *skarō (“a division, detachment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut, divide”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian skar, sker (“a share in a communal pasture”), Dutch schare (“share in property”), German Schar (“band, troop, party, company”), Icelandic skor (“department”). Compare shard, shear. Doublet of eschel.

名詞

share (複数形 shares)

1. A portion of something, especially a portion given or allotted to someone.

   Each of the robbers took a share of the loot.

   The TV programme was cancelled because it only gained a 10% share of that night's viewing audience.

3. (finance) A financial instrument that shows that one owns a part of a company that provides the benefit of limited liability.
4. (computing) A configuration enabling a resource to be shared over a network.

   Upload media from the browser or directly to the file share.

5. (social media) The action of sharing something with other people via social media.
   • 2016, Brooke Warner, Green-Light Your Book:

     Social media is supervisual, and there's nothing more shareable than images, so this is a way to increase shares and likes and follows.

6. (anatomy) The sharebone or pubis.
   • 1606, Suetonius, Philemon Holland, transl., De Vita Cæsarum:

     […] [H]ee stabbed him beneth in the very share neere unto his privie parts. [Dom.17]

派生語

動詞

share (三人称単数 現在形 shares, 現在分詞 sharing, 過去形および過去分詞形 shared)

1. To give part of what one has to somebody else to use or consume.
2. To have or use in common.

   to share a shelter with another

   They share a language.

   • a. 1675, John Milton, On the Lord General Fairfax at the Siege of Colchester; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], volume II, Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC, page 24:

     While Avarice and Rapine ſhare the Land.

   • 1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter I, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0056:

     Thanks to that penny he had just spent so recklessly [on a newspaper] he would pass a happy hour, taken, for once, out of his anxious, despondent, miserable self. It irritated him shrewdly to know that these moments of respite from carking care would not be shared with his poor wife, with careworn, troubled Ellen.

   • 1960 December, Voyageur, “The Mountain Railways of the Bernese Oberland”, in Trains Illustrated, page 752:

     The Kleine Scheidegg is quite a colony, with its railway station, shared by the Wengernalp and Jungfrau Railways, its commodious station buffet and two large hotels.

3. To divide and distribute.
   • 1708 December 15 (Gregorian calendar; date written), [Jonathan Swift], A Letter from a Member of the House of Commons in Ireland to a Member of the House of Commons in England, Concerning the Sacramental Test, London: […] John Morphew […], published 1709, →OCLC, page 21:

     [S]uppose I ſhare my Fortune equally between my own Children, and a Stranger whom I take into my Protection; will that be a Method to unite them?

4. To tell to another.

   He shared his story with the press.

   • 2013 May 10, Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly‎^[1], volume 189, number 2, page 27:

     The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about […] offering services that let you […] “share the things you love with the world” and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention.

5. (computing, Internet) To allow public or private sharing of computer data or space in a network

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English share, schare, shaar, from 古期英語 scear, scær (“ploughshare”), from Proto-Germanic *skaraz (“ploughshare”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Cognate with Dutch schaar (“ploughshare”), dialectal German Schar (“ploughshare”), Danish (plov)skær (“ploughshare”). More at shear.

名詞

share (複数形 shares)

1. (agriculture) The cutting blade of an agricultural machine like a plough, a cultivator or a seeding-machine.
   • 1785, William Cowper, The Task, Book IV:

     The golden harvest, of a mellow brown, / Upturn'd so lately by the fearful share.

派生語

• ploughshare
• plowshare
• sharebeam

動詞

share (三人称単数 現在形 shares, 現在分詞 sharing, 過去形および過去分詞形 shared)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To cut; to shear; to cleave; to divide.
   • 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     The shar'd visage hangs on equal sides.

アナグラム

• Asher, Rahes, Shear, asher, earsh, hares, harse, hears, heras, rheas, sehar, sehra, shear