cropとは

語源 1

From Middle English crop, croppe, from 古期英語 crop, cropp, croppa (“the head または top of a plant, a sprout または herb, a bunch または cluster of flowers, an ear of corn, the craw of a bird, a kidney”), from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“body, trunk, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to warp, bend, crawl”). Cognate with Dutch krop (“crop”), Low German Krop (“a swelling on the neck, the craw, maw”), German Kropf (“the craw, ear of grain, head of lettuce または cabbage”), Swedish kropp (“body, trunk”), Icelandic kroppur (“a hunch on the body”). Related to crap and group.

名詞

crop (複数形 crops)

1. (agriculture) A plant, especially a cereal, grown to be harvested as food, livestock fodder, or fuel or for any other economic purpose.
2. The natural production for a specific year, particularly of plants.
3. A group, cluster or collection of things occurring at the same time.

   a crop of ideas

4. A group of vesicles at the same stage of development in a disease, e.g., chicken pox.
5. The lashing end of a whip
6. An entire short whip, especially as used in horse-riding; a riding crop.
7. A rocky outcrop.
8. The act of cropping.
9. A short haircut.
10. (anatomy) A pouch-like part of the alimentary tract of some birds (かつ some other animals), used to store food before digestion, or for regurgitation; a craw.
    • XIX c., George MacDonald, The Early Bird:

      A little bird sat on the edge of her nest;

      Her yellow-beaks slept as sound as tops;

      Day-long she had worked almost without rest,

      And had filled every one of their gibbous crops;

    • 1892, Arthur Conan Doyle, "The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle", 2005 Norton edition, page 221:

      The bird gave a gulp, and I felt the stone pass along its gullet and down into its crop.

    • 2015, Elizabeth Royte, Vultures Are Revolting. Here’s Why We Need to Save Them., National Geographic (December 2015)[1]

      As the wildebeest shrinks, the circle of sated birds lounging in the short grass expands. With bulging crops, the vultures settle their heads atop folded wings and slide their nictitating membranes shut.

11. (architecture) The foliate part of a finial.
12. (archaic or 方言) The head of a flower, especially when picked; an ear of corn; the top branches of a tree.
13. (mining) Tin ore prepared for smelting.
14. (mining) Outcrop of a vein or seam at the surface.

    (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

同意語

• (harvest): harvest, yield
• (whip used on horses): hunting crop, riding crop, whip, bat
• (animal's): craw (in birds)

派生語

参考

• gizzard

語源 2

From Middle English croppen (“to cut, pluck かつ eat”), from 古期英語 *croppian. Cognate with Scots crap (“to crop”), Dutch kroppen (“to cram, digest”), Low German kröppen (“to cut, crop, stuff the craw”), German kröpfen (“to crop”), Icelandic kroppa (“to cut, crop, pick”). Literally, to take off the crop (top, head, ear) of a plant. See Etymology 1.

動詞

crop (三人称単数 現在形 crops, 現在分詞 cropping, 過去形および過去分詞形 cropped)

1. (transitive) To remove the top end of something, especially a plant.
   • Bible, Ezekiel xvii. 22

     I will crop off from the top of his young twigs a tender one.

2. (transitive) To cut (especially hair または an animal's tail または ears) short.
3. (transitive) To remove the outer parts of a photograph or image in order to frame the subject better.
4. (intransitive) To yield harvest.
5. (transitive) To cause to bear a crop.

   to crop a field

派生語

• outcrop
• crop up

参考

• Wikipedia article on the crop of an animal
• Wikipedia article on riding crops
• Wikipedia article on cropping images

アナグラム

• Corp, Corp., corp., proc