hitとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English hitten (“to hit, strike, make contact with”), from 古期英語 hittan (“to meet with, come upon, fall in with”), probably from Old Norse hitta (“to strike, meet”), from Proto-Germanic *hittijaną (“to come upon, find”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂eyd- (“to fall; fall upon; hit; cut; hew”). Cognate with Icelandic hitta (“to meet”), Danish hitte (“to find”), Latin caedō (“fall”), Albanian qit (“to hit, throw, pull out, release”).

動詞

hit (third-person singular simple present hits, present participle hitting, simple past hit or (dialectal, 廃れた用法) hat or (まれに, dialectal) het, past participle hit or (古風な用法, まれに, dialectal) hitten)

1. (heading, physical) To strike.
   1. (transitive) To administer a blow to, directly or with a weapon or missile.

      One boy hit the other.

      • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 752825175:

        Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

      • 1922-1927, Frank Harris, My Life and Loves

        He tried to hit me but I dodged the blow and went out to plot revenge.

      • 1922 February, James Joyce, “[[Episode 15]]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare & Co.; Sylvia Beach, OCLC 560090630; republished London: Published for the Egoist Press, London by John Rodker, Paris, October 1922, OCLC 2297483:

        Bello: (Shouts) Good, by the rumping jumping general! That's the best bit of news I heard these six weeks. Here, don't keep me waiting, damn you! (He slaps her face)
        Bello: (Whimpers) You're after hitting me. I'll tell […]

      • 1934, Robert E. Howard, The Slugger's Game

        I hunted him for half a hour, aiming to learn him to hit a man with a table-leg and then run, but I didn't find him.

   2. (transitive) To come into contact with forcefully and suddenly.

      The ball hit the fence.

      • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], chapter V, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. In Four Parts. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: Printed for Benj[amin] Motte, […], OCLC 995220039, part II (A Voyage to Brobdingnag):

        a dozen apples, each of them near as large as a Bristol barrel, came tumbling about my ears; one of them hit me on the back as I chanced to stoop, and knocked me down flat on my face.

      • 1882, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Doctor Grimshawe's Secret: A romance

        Meanwhile the street boys kept up a shower of mud balls, many of which hit the Doctor, while the rest were distributed upon his assailants.

   3. (intransitive) To strike against something.
      • (Can we date this quote by John Locke かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

        If bodies be extension alone, how can they move and hit one against another?

   4. (transitive, slang) To kill a person, usually on the instructions of a third party.

      Hit him tonight and throw the body in the river.

      • 1973, Mario Puzo, Francis Ford Coppola, The Godfather Part II (screenplay, second draft)

        FREDO: Mikey, why would they ever hit poor old Frankie Five-Angels? I loved that ole sonuvabitch.

   5. (transitive, military) To attack, especially amphibiously.

      If intelligence had been what it should have been, I don't think we'd ever have hit that island.

2. (transitive) To manage to touch in the right place.

   I hit the jackpot.

   Antonym: miss

3. (transitive, colloquial) To briefly visit.

   We hit the grocery store on the way to the park.

4. (transitive, informal) To encounter an obstacle or other difficulty.

   You'll hit some nasty thunderstorms if you descend too late.  We hit a lot of traffic coming back from the movies.

5. (heading) To attain, to achieve.
   1. (transitive, informal) To reach or achieve.

      The movie hits theaters in December.

      The temperature could hit 110°F tomorrow.

      We hit Detroit at one in the morning but kept driving through the night.

      • 2012, August 1. Owen Gibson in Guardian Unlimited, London 2012: rowers Glover and Stanning win Team GB's first gold medal:

        And her success with Glover, a product of the National Lottery-funded Sporting Giants talent identification programme, will also spark relief among British officials who were starting to fret a little about hitting their target of equalling fourth in the medal table from Beijing.

   2. (intransitive) To meet or reach what was aimed at or desired; to succeed, often by luck.
      • c. 1604–1605, William Shakespeare, “All’s VVell, that Ends VVell”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i]:

        And oft it hits / Where hope is coldest and despair most fits.

      • (Can we date this quote by Jonathan Swift かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

        Millions miss for one that hits.

   3. To guess; to light upon or discover.
      • c. 1590–1592, William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i]:

        Thou hast hit it.

6. (transitive) To affect negatively.

   The economy was hit by a recession.  The hurricane hit his fishing business hard.

7. (figuratively) To attack.
   • 2016 March 3, Nick Gass, quoting Donald Trump, “Trump on small hands: 'I guarantee you there's no problem'”, in Politico‎^[1]:

     I have to say this, he hit my hands. Nobody has ever hit my hands. I’ve never heard of this one. Look at those hands. Are they small hands?

8. (heading, games) To make a play.
   1. (transitive, card games) In blackjack, to deal a card to.

      Hit me.

   2. (intransitive, baseball) To come up to bat.

      Jones hit for the pitcher.

   3. (backgammon) To take up, or replace by a piece belonging to the opposing player; said of a single unprotected piece on a point.
9. (transitive, computing, programming) To use; to connect to.

   The external web servers hit DBSRV7, but the internal web server hits DBSRV3.

10. (transitive, US, slang) To have sex with.

    I'd hit that.

11. (transitive, US, slang) To inhale an amount of smoke from a narcotic substance, particularly marijuana.
    • 2005, Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, and Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), “Stay Fly”, in Most Known Unknown‎^[2], Sony BMG, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, かつ MJG):

      Tastes like fruit when you hit it; got to have bread to get it.

同意語

• (administer a blow): beat, pelt, thump; see also Thesaurus:hit
• (kill a person): bump off, do away with, whack; see also Thesaurus:kill
• (attack): beset, fall upon, lay into; see also Thesaurus:attack
• (have sex with): bang, ram, smash; see also Thesaurus:copulate with
• (smoke marijuana): smoke up, toke

反意語

• (manage to touch in the right place): miss

派生語

名詞

hit (複数形 hits)

1. A blow; a punch; a striking against; the collision of one body against another; the stroke that touches anything.
   • (Can we date this quote by Dryden かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     So he the famed Cilician fencer praised, / And, at each hit, with wonder seems amazed.

   The hit was very slight.

3. Something very successful, such as a song, film, or video game, that receives widespread recognition and acclaim.
   • 2012 February 9, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Review: Chico & Rita”, in (Please provide the book title または journal name)‎^[3]:

     Chico & Rita opens in the modern era, as an aged, weary Chico shines shoes in his native Cuba. Then a song heard on the radio—a hit he wrote and recorded with Rita in their youth—carries him back to 1948 Havana, where they first met.

4. An attack on a location, person or people.
5. A collision of a projectile with the target.
   1. In the game of Battleship, a correct guess at where one's opponent ship is.
6. (computing, Internet) A match found by searching a computer system or search engine
7. (Internet) A measured visit to a web site, a request for a single file from a web server.

   My site received twice as many hits after being listed in a search engine.

8. An approximately correct answer in a test set.
9. (baseball) The complete play, when the batter reaches base without the benefit of a walk, error, or fielder’s choice.

   The catcher got a hit to lead off the fifth.

10. (colloquial) A dose of an illegal or addictive drug.

    Where am I going to get my next hit?

11. A premeditated murder done for criminal or political purposes.
12. (dated) A peculiarly apt expression or turn of thought; a phrase which hits the mark.

    a happy hit

    • 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], OCLC 960856019:

      What late he called a blessing, now was wit, / And God's good providence, a lucky hit.

13. (backgammon) A move that throws one of the opponent's men back to the entering point.
14. (backgammon) A game won after the adversary has removed some of his men. It counts for less than a gammon.

反意語

• (a punch): miss
• (success): flop, turkey

派生語

派生した語

形容詞

hit (not comparable)

1. Very successful.

   The band played their hit song to the delight of the fans.

語源 2

From Middle English hit (“it”), from 古期英語 hit (“it”), from Proto-Germanic *hit (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this, here”). Cognate with Dutch het (“it”). More at it. Note 'it.

代名詞

hit (subjective かつ objective hit, 再帰的用法 かつ intensive hitself, possessive adjective かつ noun hits)

1. (dialectal) It.
   • 1922, Philip Gengembre Hubert, The Atlantic monthly, Volume 130:

     But how hit was to come about didn't appear.

   • 1998, Nancy A. Walker, What's so funny?: humor in American culture:

     Now, George, grease it good, an' let hit slide down the hill hits own way.

派生語

• hits
• hitself

アナグラム

• iht, ith

別の表記

• hitt

語源

From Proto-Germanic *hit (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this, here”). Cognate with Old Frisian hit (“it”), Old High German iz (“it”), Gothic �������� (hita, “it”). More at hē.

発音

• IPA^(key): /xit/, [hit]

代名詞

hit n (accusative hit, genitive his, dative him)

1. it

語形変化

派生した語

• Middle English: hit, hyt, hitt, hitte, hytte, it, yt, itt, jt, itte
  • English: it
  • Scots: hid