gravityとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Learned borrowing from Latin gravitās (“weight”) (compare French gravité), from gravis (“heavy”). Doublet of gravitas. First attested in the 16th century.

発音

• IPA: /ˈɡɹævɪti/
• ハイフネーション: grav‧i‧ty
• 韻: -ævɪti

名詞

gravity (countable and uncountable, plural gravities)

1. The state or condition of having weight; weight; heaviness.

   Synonym: weightfulness

2. The state or condition of being grave; seriousness.

   Synonyms: graveness, seriousness

   I hope you appreciate the gravity of the situation.

   • 1947 March 12, Harry S. Truman, 1:05 from the start, in MP72-14 Excerpt - Truman Doctrine Speech‎, Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives Identifier: 595162:

     The gravity of the situation which confronts the world today necessitates my appearance before a joint session of the Congress. The foreign policy and the national security of this country are involved.

   • 1990 E.E.O.C. v. University of Detroit, 904 F.2d 331

     Since I believe that abortion is absolutely wrong I must choose the course that minimizes the support of it. The gravity of this issue is so great that I must consider my job expendable.

   • 2011 September 3, Daniel Indiviglio, “August's Big Reversal for Manufacturing and Retail Jobs”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Could the month's poor performance in these two sectors reveal the true gravity of the labor market's woes?

3. (music) The lowness of a note.
4. (physics) The phenomenon that, on earth, objects have weight; the similar phenomenon on other celestial bodies such as the moon.
   • 1950 January, Howard Hayes, “You and Gravity”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Do you know that gravity is pulling at you, tugging at you, trying to drag you down, from the moment you awake in the morning till you tumble into bed at night?

   • 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 188, number 26, page 36:

     It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next […] .

5. (loosely, see usage notes) Gravitation, the universal force exercised by two bodies on each other by virtue of their masses.
6. (physics) A law or laws of gravitation: any theory which attempts to account for the phenomena of weight and/or the mutual attraction of massive objects (Aristotelian gravity, Newtonian gravity).
   • 2012 January, Michael Riordan, “Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 26 January 2012, page 86:

     Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.

7. (physics) Specific gravity.

使用する際の注意点

In the physics sense gravity and gravitation are sometimes used interchangeably in casual discussion.

派生語

参照

• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “gravity”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
• Gravitation in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)