realとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: rēəl, riəl, rēl, IPA^(key): /ˈɹiːəl/, /ɹɪə̯l/, /ɹiːl/
• Homophone: reel (some accents)

形容詞

real (comparative realer または more real, superlative realest または most real)

1. True, genuine, not merely nominal or apparent.
   • 2007, Jim Kokoris, The Rich Part of Life: A Novel, →ISBN, page 179:

     [T]he real reason he didn't come was because he was scared of flying[.]

   • 2013 June 29, “Travels and travails”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 55:

     Even without hovering drones, a lurking assassin, a thumping score and a denouement, the real-life story of Edward Snowden, a rogue spy on the run, could be straight out of the cinema. But, as with Hollywood, the subplots and exotic locations may distract from the real message: America’s discomfort and its foes’ glee.

2. Genuine, not artificial, counterfeit, or fake.
   • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎^[1], volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

     An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

   This is real leather.

3. Genuine, unfeigned, sincere.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 9”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: Printed [by Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […] [a]nd by Robert Boulter […] [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: The Text Exactly Reproduced from the First Edition of 1667: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     Whose perfection farr excell’d Hers in all real dignitie

   • 2013 June 21, Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 27:

     The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about […], or offering services that let you […] "share the things you love with the world" and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention.

   These are real tears!

4. Actually being, existing, or occurring; not fictitious or imaginary.

   a description of real life

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 7”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: Printed [by Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […] [a]nd by Robert Boulter […] [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: The Text Exactly Reproduced from the First Edition of 1667: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     I waked, and found / Before mine eyes all real, as the dream / Had lively shadowed.

5. That has objective, physical existence.

   No one has ever seen a real unicorn.

6. (economics) Having been adjusted to remove the effects of inflation; measured in purchasing power (contrast nominal).

   My dad calculated my family's real consumption per month.

   What is the real GNP of this polity?

7. (economics) Relating to the result of the actions of rational agents; relating to neoclassical economic models as opposed to Keynesian models.
8. (mathematics, of a number) Being either a rational number, or the limit of a convergent infinite sequence of rational numbers: being one of a set of numbers with a one-to-one correspondence to the points on a line.
9. (law) Relating to immovable tangible property.

   real estate;  real property

   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     Many are perfect in men's humours that are not greatly capable of the real part of business.

10. Absolute, complete, utter.

    This is a real problem.

11. (slang) Signifying meritorious qualities or actions especially as regard the enjoyment of life, prowess at sports, or success wooing potential partners.

    I'm keeping it real.

同意語

• (true, genuine): true, actual
• (genuine, not artificial): authentic, genuine, actual
• (genuine, unfeigned): authentic, genuine, heartfelt, true, actual
• (that has physical existence): actual

反意語

• (true, genuine): imaginary, non-real, unreal
• (genuine, not artificial): artificial, counterfeit, fake, sham
• (genuine, unfeigned): feigned, sham, staged
• (that has physical existence): fictitious, imaginary, made-up, pretend (くだけた用法)
• (relating to numbers with a one-to-one correspondence to the points on a line): imaginary

派生語

副詞

real (not comparable)

1. (US, colloquial) Really, very.

   When I told him the truth, he got real mad.

名詞

real (複数形 reals)

1. A commodity; see realty.
2. (grammar) One of the three genders that the common gender can be separated into in the Scandinavian languages.
3. (mathematics) A real number.
   • 2007, Mark Bridges, REAL ANALYSIS: A Constructive Approach, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, page 11:

     There have been several classical constructions of the reals that avoid these problems, the most famous ones being Dedekind Cuts and Cauchy Sequences, named respectively for the mathematicians Richard Dedekind (1831 - 1916) and Augustine Cauchy (1789 - 1857). We will not discuss these constructions here, but will use a more modern one developed by Gabriel Stolzenberg, based on "interval arithmetic."

4. (obsolete) A realist.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Burton to this entry?)

語源 2

Borrowed from Spanish real (“royal”), from Latin rēgālis (“regal, royal”). Doublet of regal and royal.

発音

• (英国用法) enPR: rāäl', IPA^(key): /ɹeɪˈɑːl/
• (米国用法) enPR: rāäl', IPA^(key): /ɹeɪˈɑl/

名詞

real (複数形 reales)

1. Former unit of currency of Spain and Spain's colonies.
2. A coin worth one real.

語源 3

From Portuguese real (“royal”), from Latin rēgālis (“regal; royal”).

発音

• (英国用法) enPR: rāäl', IPA^(key): /ɹeɪˈɑːl/
• (米国用法) enPR: rāäl', IPA^(key): /ɹeɪˈɑl/

名詞

real (複数形 reis または réis または reals)

1. A unit of currency used in Portugal and its colonies from 1430 until 1911, and in Brazil from 1790 until 1942.
2. A coin worth one real.

real (複数形 reais または reals)

Brazilian real coins (2nd family, as of 2010)

1. A unit of currency used in Brazil since 1994. Symbol: R$.
   • 2011, Perry Anderson, "Lula's Brazil", London Review of Books, 33.VII:

     Within weeks of this bombshell, an aide to the brother of the chairman of the PT, José Genoino, was arrested boarding a flight with 200,000 reais in a suitcase and $100,000 in his underpants.

2. A coin worth one real.

同意語

• (old Portuguese かつ Brazilian unit of currency): rei

Meronyms

• (current Brazilian unit of currency): centavo

関連する語

• regal
• royal
• milreis

アナグラム

• Arel, Earl, Elar, Lare, Lear, Rael, Raël, earl, lare, lear, rale