footballとは

意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• foot-ball, foot ball (dated)

語源

From Middle English footbal, foteball, equivalent to foot +‎ ball, which may refer to the act of kicking a ball with the feet. The name for the briefcase is a play on “dropkick”, the code name of an early version of the nuclear war plan.^[1]

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈfʊtbɔl/
  • IPA^(key): [ˈfʊʔtbɔɫ], [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔɫ]
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈfʊtbɔːl/
  • IPA^(key): [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔːl], [ˈfʊʔtʰbɔːl], [ˈfʊʔbɔːl]
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈfʊtbɑl/
  • IPA^(key): [fʷʊʔt̚bɑɫ]

名詞

football (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 footballs)

1. (general) A sport played on foot in which teams attempt to get a ball into a goal or zone defended by the other team.

   Roman and medieval football matches were more violent than any modern type of football.

2. (Britain, uncountable) Association football: a game in which two teams each contend to get a round ball into the other team's goal primarily by kicking the ball. Known as soccer in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:football

   Each team scored three goals when they played football.

3. (US, uncountable) American football: a game played on a field of 100 yards long and 53 1/3 yards wide in which two teams of 11 players attempt to get an ovoid ball to the end of each other's territory.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:football

   Each team scored two touchdowns when they played football.

4. (Canada, uncountable) Canadian football: a game played on a played on a field of 110 yards long and 65 yards wide in which two teams of 12 players attempt to get an ovoid ball to the end of each other's territory.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:football

   They played football in the snow.

5. (Australia, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, Northern Territory, uncountable) Australian rules football.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:football

6. (Ireland, uncountable) Gaelic football: a field game played with similar rules to hurling, but using hands and feet rather than a stick, and a ball, similar to, yet smaller than a soccer ball.
7. (Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, uncountable) rugby league.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:football

8. (Australia, Ireland, New Zealand) rugby union.
9. (countable) The ball used in any game called "football".

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:football

   The player kicked the football.

10. (uncountable) Practice of these particular games, or techniques used in them.
11. (figuratively, countable) An item of discussion, particularly in a back-and-forth manner

    That budget item became a political football.

12. (US military slang, countable) The leather briefcase containing classified nuclear war plans which is always near the US President.

    Synonyms: nuclear football, atomic football, black box, black bag

    Coordinate term: Cheget

    • 1994, Herbert L. Abrams, The President Has Been Shot: Confusion, Disability, and the 25th Amendment, Stanford University Press (→ISBN), page 126:

      The aide rides, along with the president's physician, in the “control car,” third in line in the motorcade. He is responsible for the football (または “black box” または “black bag”), a briefcase containing the codes and targeting information the president would require to order or authorize a nuclear attack.

下位語

派生語

関連する語

• foosball

派生した語

• → Japanese: フットボール (futtobōru)
• → Korean: 풋볼 (putbol)
• → Russian: футбо́л (futból) (see there for further descendants)
• → Spanish: fútbol
• → Portuguese: futebol

参考

• Category:en:Football (soccer) for a list of terms used in football/soccer.

Further reading

• football on Wikipedia.
• football (word) on Wikipedia.
• American football on Wikipedia.
• nuclear football on Wikipedia.

参照

• “football”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.