dollarとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Attested since the mid-16th century, from early Dutch daler, daalder, from German Taler, Thaler (“dollar”), earlier Joachimsthaler, literally “of Joachimstal”, the town where the original dollars were minted. The name means “(Saint) Joachim's valley”, from Joachim + Tal. Possibly reinforced by the Dutch leeuwendaalder, which was also used in the American colonies. Doublet of taler.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈdɒl.ə/, /ˈdɔː.lə/
• (General American, dialectal in Canada) enPR: däʹlər, IPA: /ˈdɑ.lɚ/
• (Standard Canadian, dialectal in the 米国発音) IPA: /ˈdɒl.ɚ/
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈdɔl.ə/, /ˈdɒl.ə/
• ハイフネーション: dol‧lar
• 韻: -ɒlə(ɹ)

名詞

dollar (plural dollars)

1. (numismatics) Official designation for currency in some parts of the world, including Canada, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Hong Kong, and elsewhere. Its symbol is $.

   Synonyms: buck, smackeroo

   • 2013 June 1, “Towards the end of poverty”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8838, page 11:

     But poverty’s scourge is fiercest below $1.25 (the average of the 15 poorest countries’ own poverty lines, measured in 2005 dollars and adjusted for differences in purchasing power): people below that level live lives that are poor, nasty, brutish and short.

   • 2015 November 22, “Pennies”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 3, episode 35, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:

     Yeah, but why? Lincoln doesn’t need the penny for notoriety. He’s everywhere. We put him on novelty bandages, cup-and-ball games, and creepy Chia Pets. And you know where else we put him? The five-dollar bill! You know, the thing that’s worth 500 times more than the penny!

   • 2023 October 23, Anna Cooban, “Javier Milei wants Argentina to swap the peso for the US dollar. Here’s what that could mean”, in CNN Business‎:

     The value of the peso has plummeted 858% against the US dollar over the past five years as the central bank printed more of the currency to help the country’s spendthrift government avoid defaulting on its debts. […] There’s another significant snag in Milei’s plan: Argentina doesn’t have enough dollars to ditch the peso.

2. (by extension) Money generally.
   • 2002, Marcella Ridlen Ray, Changing and Unchanging Face of United States Civil Society:

     Television, a favored source of news and information, pulls the largest share of advertising monies. In 1935, newspapers received 45 percent of the advertising dollar, magazines 8 percent, and radio 7 percent.

3. (by extension, Malaysia, colloquial) A ringgit, a unit of currency in Malaysia.
4. (UK, colloquial, historical) A quarter of a pound or one crown, historically minted as a coin of approximately the same size and composition as a then-contemporary dollar coin of the United States, and worth slightly more.
5. (attributive, historical) Imported from the United States, and paid for in U.S. dollars. (Note: distinguish "dollar wheat", North American farmers' slogan, meaning a market price of one dollar per bushel.)
   • 1952 Brigadier Sir Harry Mackeson, House of Commons, London; Hansard, vol 504, col 271, 22 July 1952:

     The restricted purchase of dollar tobacco will, we hope, have the effect of increasing the imports of Turkish and Grecian tobacco

   • 1956, The Spectator, volume 197, page 342:

     For there are two luxury imports that lead all the others: dollar films and dollar tobacco.

6. (nuclear physics) A unit of reactivity equal to the interval between delayed criticality and prompt criticality.

派生語

派生した語

参考

• cent
• dale
• mill
• mille
• vale
• valley

アナグラム

• old ral