hangとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

A fusion of 古期英語 hōn (“to hang, be hanging”) [intrans.] and hangian (“to hang, cause to hang”) [trans.]; also probably influenced by Old Norse hengja (“suspend”) and hanga (“be suspended”); all from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną (compare Dutch hangen, Low German hangen かつ hängen, German hängen, Norwegian Bokmål henge, Norwegian Nynorsk henga), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱenk- (“to waver, be in suspense”) (compare Gothic ���������� (hāhan), Hittite [Term?] (/gang-/, “to hang”), Sanskrit शङ्कते (śáṅkate, “is in doubt, hesitates”), Latin cunctari (“to delay”)).

動詞

hang (third-person singular simple present hangs, present participle hanging, simple past and past participle hung or (legal) hanged)

1. (intransitive) To be or remain suspended.

   The lights hung from the ceiling.

   • 1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, OCLC 7780546; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], OCLC 2666860, page 0111:

     On the dark-green walls hung a series of eight engravings, portraits of early Victorian belles, clad in lace and tarletan ball dresses, clipped from an old Book of Beauty. Mrs. Bunting was very fond of these pictures; she thought they gave the drawing-room a note of elegance and refinement.

2. (intransitive) To float, as if suspended.

   The smoke hung in the room.

3. (intransitive) To veer in one direction.
   • 1979, New South Wales law reports (page 16)

     The jockey claimed that the horse hung towards the outside

4. (intransitive, of a ball in cricket, tennis, etc.) To rebound unexpectedly or unusually slowly, due to backward spin on the ball or imperfections of the ground.
5. (transitive) To hold or bear in a suspended or inclined manner or position instead of erect.

   He hung his head in shame.

6. (transitive) To cause (something) to be suspended, as from a hook, hanger, hinges, or the like.

   Hang those lights from the ceiling.

   to hang a door

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Luke 17:1-2:

   It is impossible but that offences will come: but woe unto him, through whom they come! It were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and he cast into the sea, than that he should offend one of these little ones.

7. (transitive, law) To kill (someone) by suspension from the neck, usually as a form of execution or suicide.

   The culprits were hanged from the nearest tree.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     ‘[…] There's every Staffordshire crime-piece ever made in this cabinet, and that's unique. The Van Hoyer Museum in New York hasn't that very rare second version of Maria Marten's Red Barn over there, nor the little Frederick George Manning—he was the criminal Dickens saw hanged on the roof of the gaol in Horsemonger Lane, by the way—’

8. (intransitive, law) To be executed by suspension by one's neck from a gallows, a tree, or other raised bar, attached by a rope tied into a noose.

   You will hang for this, my friend.

9. (transitive, informal) (used in maledictions) To damn.
   • 1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, London: Wordsworth Classics, published 1993, page 11:

     [H]e suddenly flung down his brush on the floor, said "Bother!" and "Oh blow!" and also "Hang spring-cleaning!" and bolted out of the house without even waiting to put on his coat.

10. (intransitive, informal) To loiter; to hang around; to spend time idly.

    I didn't see anything, officer. I was just hanging.

    • 2006, Scuba Diving (issues 1-6, page 49)

      He banned spearfishing wherever he could, started the first eco-moorings in the Caribbean, stopped others from coral- and shell-collecting, and had so much fun 24/7 that some unusually powerful people began to hang with him.

11. (transitive) To exhibit (an object) by hanging.
12. (transitive) To apply (wallpaper または drywall to a wall).

    Let's hang this cute animal design in the nursery.

13. (transitive) To decorate (something) with hanging objects.

    Let's hang the nursery with some new wallpaper.

14. (intransitive, figuratively) To remain persistently in one's thoughts.
    • 1895, H. G. Wells, The Time Machine, Ch.X:

      Exploring, I found another short gallery running transversely to the first. This appeared to be devoted to minerals, and the sight of a block of sulphur set my mind running on gunpowder. But I could find no saltpeter; indeed no nitrates of any kind. Doubtless they had deliquesced ages ago. Yet the sulphur hung in my mind and set up a train of thinking.

15. (transitive) To prevent from reaching a decision, especially by refusing to join in a verdict that must be unanimous.

    One obstinate juror can hang a jury.

16. (intransitive, computing) To stop responding to manual input devices such as keyboard and mouse.

    The computer has hung again. Not even pressing <Ctrl>+<Alt>+<Del> works.

    When I push this button the program hangs.

17. (transitive, computing) To cause (a program または computer) to stop responding.

    The program has a bug that can hang the system.

18. (transitive, chess) To cause (a piece) to become vulnerable to capture.

    If you move there, you'll hang your rook.

19. (intransitive, chess) To be vulnerable to capture.

    In this standard opening position White has to be careful because the pawn on e4 hangs.

20. (transitive, baseball, slang) Of a pitcher, to throw a hittable off-speed pitch.
    • 2010, Peter Golenbock, Dynasty: The New York Yankees, 1949-1964, →ISBN, page 409

      McDougald then singled, and with a 3-2 count on Ellie Howard who was playing first base, Spahn hung a curve ball and Howard hit it over the wire fence in left field for a 4-4 tie.

21. (transitive, figuratively) To attach or cause to stick (a charge または accusation, etc.).
    • 1848, The American Pulpit (volume 3, page 120)

      There were no whisperings, even from his opponents, that he was no better than he ought to be. Because, there was nothing wrong on which to hang a charge. As an eloquent orator, he carried with him the firm support of a good name.

使用する際の注意点

• Formerly, at least until the 16th century, the past tense of the transitive use of hang was hanged (see quote from King James Bible, above). This form is retained for the legal senses “to be executed by suspension from the neck” and “to execute by suspension from the neck”, with hung used for all other meanings. hung is sometimes also used in the legal senses, but is proscribed in legal or other formal writing (for those senses). Rarely, hanged is used for non-legal senses as well, which is also proscribed. Either hanged or hung can be used for suicidal hangings, with hung being slightly more common. See also the etymology.

同意語

• (be または remain suspended): be suspended, dangle
• (float as if suspended): float, hover
• (execute (someone) by suspension from the neck): lynch, string up; see also Thesaurus:kill by hanging
• (be executed): go to the gallows, swing (くだけた用法), take a ride to Tyburn (古風な用法); see also Thesaurus:die by hanging
• (loiter): hang about, hang around, loiter
• (コンピューター: stop responding): freeze, lock up
• (cause (something) to be suspended): suspend
• (hold または bear in a suspended または inclined manner または position instead of erect): drop, lower
• (to place on a hook): hook, hook up
• (to put a telephone handset back on a hook): hang up
• (exhibit): exhibit, show
• (apply (wallpaper to a wall)): put up
• (decorate (something) with hanging objects): bedeck, deck, decorate
• (computing: cause (a program または computer) to stop responding): freeze, lock up
• (in chess: cause to become vulnerable to capture):
• (in chess: be vulnerable to capture):

派生語

名詞

hang (複数形 hangs)

1. The way in which something hangs.

   This skirt has a nice hang.

2. (colloquial, figuratively) A grip, understanding.

   He got the hang of it after only two demonstrations.

   • 1911, Alexander MacDonald, The Invisible Island: A Story of the Far North of Queensland (page 105)

     “I don't see the hang of so much talky-talky,” broke in Uncle Sam. “We've heard all that can be said about things, […]

3. (computing) An instance of ceasing to respond to input.

   We sometimes get system hangs.

4. A sharp or steep declivity or slope.
5. A mass of hanging material.
   • 2014, Matthew Jobin, The Nethergrim (volume 1)

     They advanced in a crouch, dropping to their knees every few yards to pass under a hang of rock.

6. (colloquial) The smallest amount of concern or consideration; a damn.

   I don't give a hang.

   They don't seem to care a hang about the consequences.

派生語

• get the hang of

語源 2

From hang sangwich, Irish colloquial pronunciation of ham sandwich.

名詞

hang (uncountable)

1. (Ireland, informal, derogatory) Cheap processed ham (cured pork), often made specially for sandwiches.

語源 3

名詞

hang

1. Alternative spelling of Hang (“musical instrument”)

アナグラム

• Ghan