halfとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 半分、2 分の 1、(大ざっぱに分けた)約半分、半時間、30分、半パイント、(子供の)半額切符、50 セント、半ペニー、半学年
| コア | 半分に分けたもの |
音節half
発音記号・読み方
halfの |
halfの |
|
halfの |
halfの学習レベル | レベル：1英検：3級以上の単語学校レベル：中学以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア：220点以上の単語 |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「half」の意味 |
|
half
音節half 発音記号・読み方/hˈæf｜hάːf/発音を聞く
名詞
(《複数形》 音節halves 発音記号・読み方/hˈævz｜hάːvz/; 3，5b は halfs，halves)
5
可算名詞
名詞としての「half」のイディオムやフレーズ
| and a hálf | one's bétter hálf |
| by hálf | by hálves |
| gò hálves | in hálf＝ìnto hálves |
| the hálf of it |
代名詞
〔もの・集団などの〕半分(のもの，人) 〔of〕《★【用法】 主語になる場合，of の次の名詞または half の内容の数が単数なら動詞は単数扱い，複数なら複数扱い; cf. 形容詞 1b 【用法】 (3)》.
形容詞
(比較なし)
b
[冠詞または one's のついた名詞の前に置いて] …の半分の 《★【用法】 (1) もと名詞で，あとに of が略された用法に由来する; (2) 一般的には half a mile，half an hour の語順をとるが，また a half mile，a half hour ともなる; (3) 主語になる場合，half の次の名詞が単数なら動詞は単数扱い，複数なら複数扱い》.
Half a loaf is better than no bread. 《諺》 半分でもないよりはまし. |
形容詞としての「half」のイディオムやフレーズ
| be hálf the báttle | gíven hálf a chánce |
| gò óff (at) hálf cóck | Hálf a móment. |
| hálf a tíck | hàve hálf a mínd to dó |
副詞
(比較なし)
副詞としての「half」のイディオムやフレーズ
| Hálf a móment! | hálf and hálf |
| hálf as mùch [màny](…) agáin (as…) | hálf as mùch [màny](…) as… |
| hálf the tíme | nòt hálf |
| nòt hálf as…as… |
【語源】
スポーツのほかの用語一覧
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Eゲイト英和辞典での「half」の意味 |
|
half
音節half発音記号・読み方hǽf|hɑ́ːf変化複halves{hǽvz|hɑ́ːvz|ha´:vz}
コア半分に分けたもの
名詞
成句... and a half
((口))たいした［すごい］…
成句by half
半分だけ
成句by halves
中途半端に（通例否定文で用いる）
成句go halves [half and half]
〈…と〉割り勘にする，折半する〈with〉
成句in half⇔into halves
半分に
成句too ... by half
((おもに英))あまりに…
形容詞
副詞
成句half as many [much] again (as ...)
…の1.5倍
成句half past...
…時半
成句not half
((英口))①はんぱじゃなく，ひどく
②少しも…でない
成句not half as ... as ～
～の半分も…でない
コア半分に分けたもの
名詞
1半分，2分の1；半分に分けたもの；（分数の），（小数の）0.5
2（時刻の）半，30分
3((the ～))≪ｻｯｶｰなど≫（試合の）前半［後半］；≪野球≫（1イニングの）表［裏］；((口))=halfback
4((英))（ビールの）半パイント
5((英))（電車・バスなどの）子どもの切符（通例半額）
6((米口))50セント銀貨；((英口))半ペニー銅貨
7((英))（1学年2期制の）半期
|
2（時刻の）半，30分
3((the ～))≪ｻｯｶｰなど≫（試合の）前半［後半］；≪野球≫（1イニングの）表［裏］；((口))=halfback
4((英))（ビールの）半パイント
5((英))（電車・バスなどの）子どもの切符（通例半額）
6((米口))50セント銀貨；((英口))半ペニー銅貨
7((英))（1学年2期制の）半期
成句... and a half
((口))たいした［すごい］…
|
成句by half
半分だけ
成句by halves
中途半端に（通例否定文で用いる）
成句go halves [half and half]
〈…と〉割り勘にする，折半する〈with〉
成句in half⇔into halves
半分に
成句too ... by half
((おもに英))あまりに…
形容詞
((限定))（比較変化なし）1半分の，2分の1の（おもに単位を示す表現が後にくる）
2中途半端な，不完全な
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2中途半端な，不完全な
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副詞
成句half as many [much] again (as ...)
…の1.5倍
成句half past...
…時半
成句not half
((英口))①はんぱじゃなく，ひどく
②少しも…でない
成句not half as ... as ～
～の半分も…でない
語法 ①half ofとhalf: ofを省略してはならない条件 half ofのofは省略されて，形容詞的に使うこともある．ただし，人称代名詞の前にくるとき，halfの前に限定詞や形容詞を伴うときは，ofは省略できない．さらにはっきりと全体をイメージしてその半分というときにはofは欠かせない/Half (of) the students were late for the class.学生の半分は遅刻した/I know half of them.彼らの半分を知っている/the western half of the town町の西側半分/Half of ten is five.10の2分の1は5である ②主語のhalf of: 数の一致 half ofが主語になるときは後ろの名詞の数に動詞を一致させる/Half (of) the apples are rotten.（複数の）リンゴの半分が腐っている/Half of the apple is rotten.（1つの）リンゴの半分が腐っている |
語法 halfの形容詞としての用法は，half ofの表現からofが欠落したものと考えられる．従って，halfがa, the, this, myなどの限定詞の後ろ（形容詞本来の位置）に来ることは本来的にはない．ただし，one and a half hoursなどの定型的な表現（one and a halfの後の名詞は複数形）や，a half mile [hour]((おもに米))など，a half＋名詞という少数の例外はある．それ以外は通例，halfは限定詞の前に置く．なお，halfの後ろの名詞が数・量・時間・距離などの単位を示す表現の場合には，慣用的にhalf a [an]＋名詞の形で使い，ofを伴うことはない |
Wiktionary英語版での「half」の意味 |
half
| ← 1 | 2 | 3 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: two Ordinal: second Latinate ordinal: secondary Adverbial: two times, twice Multiplier: twofold Latinate multiplier: double Distributive: doubly Collective: both, pair, twosome Multiuse collective: doublet, couple, couplet Greek or Latinate collective: dyad Metric collective prefix: double- Greek collective prefix: di-, duo- Latinate collective prefix: bi- Fractional: half Metric fractional prefix: demi- Latinate fractional prefix: semi- Elemental: twin, doublet Greek prefix: deutero- Number of musicians: duo, duet, duplet Number of years: biennium | ||
語源
From Middle English half, halfe from 古期英語 healf (“half”); as a noun, 'half', 'side', 'part', from Proto-West Germanic *halb, from Proto-Germanic *halbaz.
発音
- 韻: -ɑːf
- (General Australian, New Zealand, Scotland) IPA(key): /hɐːf/
- (General American, Canada) IPA(key): /hæf/
名詞
- One of two usually roughly equal parts into which anything may be divided, or considered as divided.
- 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], H[enry] Lawes, editor, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:
- (sports) One of the two opposite parts of the playing field of various sports, in which each starts the game.
- 2011 September 16, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: New Zealand 83-7 Japan”, in BBC Sport[1]:
- Half of a standard measure, chiefly: (Britain) half a pint of beer or cider.
- (preceded by “a” または a number) The fraction obtained by dividing 1 by 2.
- Synonym: ½
- Any of the three terms at Eton College, for Michaelmas, Lent, and summer.
- (slang) A half sibling.
- (UK, archaic) A child ticket.
- (sports) abbreviated form for half marathon.
- (numismatic スラング) Clipping of half-dollar.
派生語
- and a half
- better half
- by halves
- cry halves
- fly half
- fly-half
- go halves
- half a loaf is better than none
- half and half
- hell and half of Georgia
- how the other half lives
- in half
- in one's half
- know the half of
- left-half
- not half
- not half bad
- other half
- right-half
- scrum half
- scrum-half
- second half
- sharp-and-a-half
- shelter half
- take one's half out of the middle
- the half of it
- time and a half
- too clever by half
形容詞
half (not comparable)
- Consisting of a half (½, 50%).
- Consisting of some indefinite portion resembling a half; approximately a half, whether more or less; partial; imperfect.
- a half truth
- 1847, Alfred Tennyson, “(please specify the page number, または |part=Prologue, I to VII, または conclusion)”, in The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:
- Assumed from thence a half-consent.
- (of a sibling) Having one parent (rather than two) in common.
- A half brother or half sister
- (of a relative other than a sibling) Related through one common grandparent or ancestor rather than two.
使用する際の注意点
派生語
See also those listed at Category:English terms prefixed with half-.
Terms derived from half (adjective). A few may possibly be derived from the adverb, it's hard to tell (かつ who cares anyway???)
- all over hell's half acre
- at half-sword
- automatic half-barrier level crossing
- baker's half dozen
- by half
- centre half
- centre-half
- cheap at half the price
- cut the baby in half
- do by half-measures
- dummy half
- first half
- four-half
- glass-half-empty
- glass-half-full
- go half and half
- go off half-cocked
- half a dozen
- half a loaf is better than no bread
- half a loaf is better than no loaf
- half a mind
- half a mo
- half adder
- half again
- half an eye
- half an hour
- half ape
- half ass
- half back
- half baked
- half bath
- half bathroom
- half bent
- half binding
- half birthday
- half blood
- half blue
- half board
- half boarder
- half brother
- half brother-in-law
- half butt
- half cadence
- half cap
- half cell
- half cent
- half cock
- half cocked
- half columnar
- half court
- half cut
- half day
- half dime
- half dozen
- half duplex
- half eagle
- half fare
- half foot
- half forward
- half full
- half gip
- half glove
- half gross
- half gyp
- half hitch
- half hose
- half in the bag
- half joe
- half lit
- half mast
- half measure
- half moon
- half murder
- half nelson
- half nephew
- half niece
- half note
- half orphan
- half page
- half pay
- half pipe
- half polluted
- half price
- half rest
- half rhyme
- half round
- half seas over
- half shaft
- half shell
- half shift
- half sib
- half sister
- half sister-in-law
- half smile
- half sovereign
- half space
- half stack
- half staff
- half step
- half term
- half tide
- half time
- half tint
- half title
- half tone
- half truth
- half viaduct
- half volley
- half year
- half-a-crown
- half-and-half
- half-angel
- half-ape
- half-asleep
- half-ass
- half-assed
- half-assedly
- half-awake
- half-back
- half-baked
- half-ball
- half-baptism
- half-barrier
- half-bat
- half-birthday
- half-blood
- half-blooded
- half-boot
- half-bound
- half-brained
- half-breadth plan
- half-break
- half-bred
- half-breed
- half-broken
- half-brother
- half-built
- half-caf
- half-caste
- half-cell
- half-century
- half-chance
- half-clammed
- half-cocked
- half-court
- half-court line
- half-court violation
- half-cousin
- half-cracked
- half-crown
- half-cut
- half-dead
- half-deal
- half-demon
- half-diminished seventh chord
- half-dollar
- half-dozen
- half-duplex
- half-edge
- half-elf
- half-elven
- half-embrace
- half-equation
- half-expect
- half-faced
- half-finished
- half-first cousin
- half-fish
- half-free
- half-gip
- half-god
- half-grown
- half-gyp
- half-halt
- half-hardy
- half-heartedly
- half-heartedness
- half-hitch
- half-holiday
- half-hourlong
- half-hourly
- half-human
- half-hunter
- half-identical
- half-inch
- half-integer
- half-integral
- half-island
- half-jacket
- half-Jew
- half-jokingly
- half-kirtle
- half-landing
- half-length
- half-life
- half-light
- half-line
- half-long
- half-long vowel
- half-marathon
- half-marathoner
- half-marrow
- half-mast
- half-measure
- half-metal
- half-metallic
- half-metallicity
- half-monthly
- half-moon
- half-mourning
- half-naked
- half-natural
- half-nephew
- half-niece
- half-night stand
- half-noble
- half-one
- half-op
- half-open
- half-open file
- half-open interval
- half-orphan
- half-pant
- half-pass
- half-past-six
- half-pike
- half-pint
- half-pipe
- half-plane
- half-plate
- half-port
- half-price
- half-rate
- half-ray
- half-reaction
- half-read
- half-rocked
- half-royal
- half-seen
- half-shower
- half-sib
- half-sibling
- half-sibling-in-law
- half-sighted
- half-silvered mirror
- half-sister
- half-smile
- half-staff
- half-standard
- half-step
- half-strained
- half-suit
- half-term
- half-tide
- half-timbering
- half-time
- half-timer
- half-tint
- half-title
- half-tone
- half-track
- half-tracker
- half-truth
- half-uncle
- half-unicorn
- half-up half-down
- half-value thickness
- half-virgin
- half-volley
- half-waking
- half-waxen
- half-wheel
- half-width
- half-wild
- half-wit
- half-witch
- half-witted
- half-wizard
- half-year
- half-yearly
- half-zip
- halfness
- jury of half-tongue
- knowing is half the battle
- like one o'clock half struck
- listen with half an ear
- maternal half aunt
- maternal half-uncle
- on the half hour
- one and a half
- one half
- one-and-a-half-spaced
- one-half
- open half space
- paternal half aunt
- paternal half-uncle
- rear admiral lower half
- saw the baby in half
- second-half
- see the glass half-empty
- see the glass half-full
- see with half an eye
- well begun is half done
- you can't be half pregnant
派生した語
副詞
half (not comparable)
- In two equal parts or to an equal degree.
- In some part approximating a half.
- Partially; imperfectly.
- Practically, nearly.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene v:
使用する際の注意点
- (approximating a half): The phrase half again expresses an amount in addition to the amount being compared to. E.g., half as many people refers to 50% of the original number, while half again as many people refers to 150% of the original number.
同意語
- (partially; imperfectly): halfly (廃れた用法)
派生語
- a danger foreseen is half avoided
- a fault confessed is half redressed
- half-arsed
- half-filled
- half-forgotten
- half-full
- half-hearted
- half-timbered
参考
動詞
前置詞
half
使用する際の注意点
In English, the first sense (half past) is the only sense in current use. The second sense (half-hour before) is almost exclusively used in reference to other cultural or linguistic backgrounds where a similar usage exists.
half-
語源
From Middle English half-, from 古期英語 healf-, from Proto-Germanic *halba- (“half-”), from *halbaz (“half”). Cognate with Dutch half- (“half-”), German halb- (“half-”), Swedish halv- (“half-”), Icelandic hálf- (“half-”). More at half.
接頭辞
half-
- half or partial; not complete
- Used before brother, sister, uncle, aunt, and so forth, to indicate that the person being identified is related only through one parent, grandparent, and so forth, rather than two.
派生語
Weblio例文辞書での「half」に類似した例文 |
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half
1
二分の一
例文
例文
3
例文
4
〜に次ぐ
例文
semi-
5
〜に準ずる
例文
semi-
6
ドゥミ・ポワーント
例文
half 5
10
例文
a quantity of half
例文
half-soled
14
半分くれ
15
半分くれ
例文
16
半分くれ
例文
Give me half!
17
半分くれ
例文
18
後半部.
例文
the latter half
例文
the latter half
例文
例文
24
例文
the middle piece
例文
at half past
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halfのページの著作権
英和辞典
情報提供元は
参加元一覧
にて確認できます。
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