wholeとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”), from 古期英語 hāl (“healthy, safe”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, sound”) (compare West Frisian hiel, Low German heel/heil, Dutch heel, German heil, Danish かつ Norwegian Bokmål hel, Norwegian Nynorsk heil), from Proto-Indo-European *kóylos (“healthy, whole”). Compare Welsh coel (“omen”), Breton kel (“omen, mention”), Old Prussian kails (“healthy”), Old Church Slavonic цѣлъ (cělŭ, “healthy, unhurt”). Related to hale, health, hail, hallow, heal, and holy.

The spelling with wh-, introduced in the 15th century, was for disambiguation with hole, and was absent in Scots.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /həʊl/, [həʊɫ], [hɒʊɫ]
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /hoʊl/, [hoʊɫ]
• Homophone: hole
• 韻: -əʊl

形容詞

whole (comparative wholer または more whole, superlative wholest または most whole)

1. Entire, undivided.

   I ate a whole fish.

   • 1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond

     During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant […]

   • 1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate: A Novel, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], OCLC 16832619, page 16:

     Athelstan Arundel walked home all the way, foaming and raging. […] He walked the whole way, walking through crowds, and under the noses of dray-horses, carriage-horses, and cart-horses, without taking the least notice of them.

   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 16, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     “[…] She takes the whole thing with desperate seriousness. But the others are all easy and jovial—thinking about the good fare that is soon to be eaten, about the hired fly, about anything.”

   • 2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28:

     Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages.

   1. Used as an intensifier.

      I brought a whole lot of balloons for the party.   She ate a whole bunch of french fries.

      • 2016, Rae Carson, Like a River Glorious, HarperCollins (→ISBN):

        There, a huge blue heron stands sentry like a statue, eye on the surface, waiting for his next meal to wriggle by. A lone grassy hill overlooks it all, well above the flood line, big enough to pitch a whole mess of tents [on].

      • 2011, Keith Maillard, Looking Good: Difficulty at the Beginning, Brindle and Glass (→ISBN):

        I'm thinking, thanks a whole fuck of a lot, Robert. You could have laid that on me weeks ago.

2. Sound, uninjured, healthy.

   He is of whole mind, but the same cannot be said about his physical state.

   • 1939, Alfred Edward Housman, Additional Poems, X, lines 5-6

     Here, with one balm for many fevers found, / Whole of an ancient evil, I sleep sound.

3. (of food) From which none of its constituents has been removed.

   whole wheat; whole milk

4. (mining) As yet unworked.

同意語

• (entire): total; see also Thesaurus:entire
• (healthy): hale, well; see also Thesaurus:healthy

反意語

• ground (as in ground seed) (1)

副詞

whole (comparative more whole, superlative most whole)

1. (colloquial) In entirety; entirely; wholly.

   I ate a fish whole!

同意語

• See Thesaurus:completely

名詞

whole (複数形 wholes)

1. Something complete, without any parts missing.

   This variety of fascinating details didn't fall together into an enjoyable, coherent whole.

2. An entirety.

同意語

• (entirety): entireness, totality; see also Thesaurus:entirety

Meronyms

• part

派生語

Further reading

• All and whole — Linguapress online English grammar

参照

• whole at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• Howle, howel