nextとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English nexte, nexste, nixte, from 古期英語 nīehsta, nīehste, etc., inflected forms of nīehst (“nearest, next”), superlative form of nēah (“nigh, near”), corresponding to Proto-Germanic *nēhwist (“nearest, closest”); equivalent to nigh +‎ -est. Cognate with Saterland Frisian naist (“next”), Dutch naast (“next”), German nächst (“next”), Danish næste (“next”), Swedish näst (“next”), Icelandic næst (“next”), Persian نزد‎ (nazd, “near, with”).

発音

• enPR: nĕkst, IPA^(key): /nɛkst/
• 韻: -ɛkst

形容詞

next (not comparable)

1. Nearest in place or position, having nothing similar intervening; adjoining.

   The man in the next bunk kept me awake all night with his snoring.

   She lives a mile or two away, in the next village.

   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 8, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     Philander went into the next room, which was just a lean-to hitched on to the end of the shanty, and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm.

   1. (obsolete) Most direct, or shortest or nearest in distance or time.
      • c. 1604–1605, William Shakespeare, “All’s VVell, that Ends VVell”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, かつ the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

        A prophet I, Madam; and I speak the truth the next way: […]

      • 1777, Francis Quarles, Emblems Divine and Moral: Together with Hieroglyphics of the Life of Man, page 152, epigram 2:

        The road to resolution, lies by doubt:

        "The next way home's the farthest way about."

2. Nearest in order, succession, or rank; immediately following (または sometimes preceding) in order.

   Please turn to the next page.

   On Wednesday next, I'm going to Spain.

   the next chapter; the next week; the Sunday next before Easter

   The man was driven by his love for money and his desire to become the next Bill Gates.

   • 1945, Yank: the army weekly, volume 4, page 96:

     " […] You patriotic?" / "I guess so, as much as the next guy," I said, wondering how the hell I could shake him.

3. (chiefly law) Nearest in relationship. (See also next of kin.)

   next friend

   • 1628, Coke, On Littleton (10. a. 10. b. §2), quoted in 1890, John Bethell Uhle, Current Comment and Legal Miscellany, page 250:

     And if a man purchase land in fee simple and die without issue, he which is his next cousin collaterall of the whole blood, how farre so ever he be from him in degree, (de quel pluis long degree qu'il soit), may inherite and have the land ...

   • 1793, William Peere Williams, Samuel Compton Cox, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Chancery, and of Some Special Cases Adjudged in the Court of King's Bench [1695-1735], De Term. S. Trin. 1731, page 602:

     Thomas Humphrey Doleman died the 30th of August 1712, an infant, intestate and without issue; Lewis the next nephew died the 17th of April 1716, an infant about sixteen years old, having left his mother Mary Webb, ...

   • 1874, Thomas Sergeant, William Rawle, Reports of Cases Adjudged in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, page 23:

     If it be a property, it is a new species, unknown to the civil law, the common law, and the statute law; there is no medium, it must be, if it goes to her next kin, because it is absolute property in her. There can be no distribution of personal property ...

使用する際の注意点

• Near was originally the comparative form of nigh; the superlative form was next. Nigh is used today mostly in archaic, poetic, or regional contexts.

同意語

• (nearest in order): See also Thesaurus:former or Thesaurus:subsequent

反意語

• previous

派生語

• next-day

限定詞

next

1. Denotes the one immediately following the current or most recent one.

   Next week would be a good time to meet.

   I'll know better next time.

2. (of days of the week または months of the year) Closest in the future, or closest but one if the closest is very soon; of days, sometimes thought to specifically refer to the instance closest to seven days (one week) in the future.

   The party is next Tuesday; that is, not tomorrow, but eight days from now.

   When you say next Thursday, do you mean Thursday this week or Thursday next week?

参考

• last
• this
• this coming
• week (as in Saturday week)

副詞

next (not comparable)

1. In a time, place, rank or sequence closest or following.

   They live in the next closest house.

   It's the next best thing to ice cream.

   1. (conjunctive) So as to follow in time or sequence something previously mentioned.

      First we removed all the handles; next, we stripped off the old paint.

2. On the first subsequent occasion.

   Financial panic, earthquakes, oil spills, riots. What comes next?

   When we next meet, you'll be married.

反意語

• previously

前置詞

next

1. (obsolete or poetic) On the side of; nearest or adjacent to; next to.

   • 1660, James Howell, Lexicon Tetraglotton, an English-French-Italian-Spanish Dictionary: […] By the Labours, and Lucubrations of James Howell‎^[1], page 117:

     D is so dainty a letter, that she admits no other consonant next her but R: […]

     1900, The Iliad, edited, with apparatus criticus, prolegomena, notes, and appendices, translated by Walter Leaf (London, Macmillan), notes on line 558 of book 2:

     The fact that the line cannot be original is patent from the fact that Aias in the rest of the Iliad is not encamped next the Athenians […] .

     1986, University of Wales Board of Celtic Studies, Bwletin Y Bwrdd Gwybodau Celtaidd - Volume 33‎^[2], page 413:

     Photographs indicate that the southern terminals of the ditch system next the west gate may be in echelon, whilst those marginal to the east gate may be slightly inturned.

参考

• Wells-next-the-Sea

名詞

next (uncountable)

1. The one that follows after this one.

   Next, please, don't hold up the queue!

   One moment she was there, the next she wasn't.

   The week after next

   • 2007, Steve Cohen, Next Stop Hollywood (St. Martin's Griffin, →ISBN):

     There is no time for lunch, hauling myself from one place to the next.