yearとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English yeer, yere, from 古期英語 ġēar (“year”), from Proto-West Germanic *jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, spring”).

別の表記

• yeah (eye 方言)
• yeare, yeer, yeere, yere (廃れた用法)
• yur (eye 方言)

名詞

year (複数形 years)

1. A solar year, the time it takes the Earth to complete one revolution of the Sun (between 365.24 かつ 365.26 days depending on the point of reference).

   we moved to this town a year ago;  I quit smoking exactly one year ago

2. (by extension) The time it takes for any astronomical object (such as a planet, dwarf planet, small Solar System body, または comet) in direct orbit around a star (such as the Sun) to make one revolution around the star.

   Mars goes around the sun once in a Martian year, or 1.88 Earth years.

   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, OCLC 246633669, PC, scene: Citdael:

     Shepard: What can you tell me about the Citadel Council?
     Avina: Originally, the Council consisted of representatives from the asari and salarians, the two dominant species in Citadel space.
     Roughly 1,304 galactic standard years ago, turians were invited to join the Council in recognition of the role they played during the Krogan Rebellion.

3. A period between set dates that mark a year, from January 1 to December 31 by the Gregorian calendar, from Tishiri 1 to Elul 29 by the Jewish calendar, and from Muharram 1 to Dhu al-Hijjah 29 or 30 by the Islamic calendar.
   • 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     Dotcom mania was slow in coming to higher education, but now it has the venerable industry firmly in its grip. Since the launch early last year of Udacity and Coursera, two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations.

   A normal year has 365 full days, but there are 366 days in a leap year.

   I was born in the year 1950.

   This Chinese year is the year of the Ox.

4. A scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity.

   During this school year I have to get up at 6:30 to catch the bus.

5. (sciences) A Julian year, exactly 365.25 days, represented by "a".
6. A level or grade in school or college.

   Every second-year student must select an area of specialization.

   The exams in year 12 at high school are the most difficult.

7. The proportion of a creature's lifespan equivalent to one year of an average human lifespan (see also dog year).

   Geneticists have created baker's yeast that can live to 800 in yeast years.

同意語

• (one revolution of the Sun by the Earth): sun, twelvemonth
• (time to make one revolution by any body): anomalistic year, Gaussian year, sidereal year, tropical year
• (period between set dates): calendar year, civil year, legal year
• (specific uses): fiscal year, liturgical year, school year

上位語

• decade (10 years), century (100 years), millennium (1000 years)

下位語

派生語

参考

• calendar
• (Gregorian calendar months) Gregorian calendar month; January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December ^{(Category: en:Gregorian calendar months)}
• (Hebrew calendar months) Hebrew calendar month; Tishrei, Cheshvan, Kislev, Tevet, Shevat, Adar, Nisan, Iyar, Sivan, Tammuz, Av, Elul ^{(Category: en:Hebrew calendar months)}
• (Islamic calendar months) Islamic calendar month; Muharram, Safar, Rabi I, Rabi II, Jumada I, Jumada II, Rajab, Sha'aban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhu al-Qida, Dhu al-Hijjah ^{(Category: en:Islamic months)}