planetとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 惑星、(人間の運命・人事を左右すると考えられた)運星
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「planet」を含む例文一覧
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Wiktionary英語版での「planet」の意味 |
planet
語源
From Middle English planete, from Old French planete, from Latin planeta, planetes, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”) (ellipsis of πλάνητες ἀστέρες (plánētes astéres, “wandering stars”).), from Ancient Greek πλανάω (planáō, “wander about, stray”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Latin pālor (“wander about, stray”), Old Norse flana (“to rush about”), and Norwegian flanta (“to wander about”). More at flaunt.
Perhaps it is from a nasalized form of Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, broad”) on the notion of "spread out", "but the semantics are highly problematic", according to Beekes, who notes the similarity of meaning to πλάζω (plázō, “to make devious, repel, dissuade from the right path, bewilder”), but adds, "it is hard to think of a formal connection".
So called because they have apparent motion, unlike the "fixed" stars. Originally including also the moon and sun but not the Earth; modern scientific sense of "world that orbits a star" is from 1630s in English. The Greek word is an enlarged form of πλάνης (plánēs, “who wanders around, wanderer”), also "wandering star, planet", in medicine "unstable temperature."
発音
名詞
- (now historical or astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14thc.]
- (astronomy) A body which is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (generally resulting in being an ellipsoid) but not enough to attain nuclear fusion and, in IAU usage, which directly orbits a star (または star cluster) and dominates the region of its orbit; specifically, in the case of the Solar system, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. [from 2006]
- Synonyms: wandering star, wanderstar
- Hypernym: planemo (in IAU usage)
- Hyponyms: binary planet, Blue Planet, carbide planet, carbon planet, classical planet, diamond planet, double planet, dual planet, dwarf planet (in non-IAU usage), exoplanet, extrasolar planet, free-floating planet (in non-IAU usage), gas giant, giant planet, hycean planet, ice giant, inferior planet, inner planet, interstellar planet (in non-IAU usage), major planet, mesoplanet, minor planet (in non-IAU usage), outer planet, Planet Earth, primary planet (in non-IAU usage), Red Planet, rogue planet (in non-IAU usage), satellite planet (in non-IAU usage), silicate planet, silicon planet, supergiant planet, superior planet, superplanet, terrestrial planet, water planet
- Coordinate terms: brown dwarf, sub-brown dwarf
- 2009 December 1st, Keiichi Wada, Yusuke Tsukamoto, Eiichiro Kokubo, “Planet Formation around Supermassive Black Holes in the Active Galactic Nuclei”, in The Astrophysical Journal, volume 886, number 2, article 107:
- construed with the or this: synonym of Earth.
- 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter VIII, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
- "My tastes," he said, still smiling, "incline me to the garishly sunlit side of this planet." And, to tease her and arouse her to combat: "I prefer a farandole to a nocturne; I'd rather have a painting than an etching; Mr. Whistler bores me with his monochromatic mud; I don't like dull colours, dull sounds, dull intellects; […]."
使用する際の注意点
The term planet originally meant any star which wandered across the sky, and generally included comets and the Sun and Moon. With the Copernican revolution, the Earth was recognized as a planet, and the Sun was seen to be fundamentally different. The Galilean satellites of Jupiter were at first called planets (satellite planets), but later reclassified along with the Moon. The first asteroids were also considered to be planets, but were reclassified when it was realized that there were a great many of them, crossing each other's orbits, in a zone where only a single planet had been expected. Likewise, Pluto was found where an outer planet had been expected, but doubts were raised when it turned out to cross Neptune's orbit and to be much smaller than the expectation required. When Eris, an outer body more massive than Pluto, was discovered, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially defined the word planet as above. However, a significant number of astronomers reject the IAU definition, especially in the field of planetary geology. Some are of the opinion that orbital parameters should be irrelevant, and that either any equilibrium (ellipsoidal) body in direct orbit around a star is a planet (there are likely at least a dozen such bodies in the Solar system) or that any equilibrium body at all is a planet, thus re-accepting the Moon, the Galilean satellites and other large moons as planets, as well as rogue planets.
上位語
下位語
派生語
- interplanetary
- planetar
- planetarium
- planetary
- planetesimal
- planet gear
- planet-hunting
- planetoid
- planet placement
- planet-stricken
- planet wheel
- quasi-planet
- secondary planet
- sister planet
- sun and planet gear
- Urinal of the Planets
関連する語
参考
参照
Weblio例文辞書での「planet」に類似した例文 |
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planet
a planet
the planet earth
地球.
the planet earth
a lifeless planet
this planet
惑星.
the oblateness of the planet
a minor planet
celestial body (planet)
the starry heavens
the celestial body
the galactic plane
the starry heavens
「planet」を含む例文一覧
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