presidentとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Old French president, from Latin praesidēns (“presiding over; president, leader”) (accusative: praesidentem). The Latin word is the substantivized present active participle of the verb praesideō (“preside over”). The verb is composed from prae (“before”) and sedeō (“sit”). The original meaning of the verb is 'to sit before' in the sense of presiding at a meeting. A secondary meaning of the verb is 'to command, to govern'. So praesidēns means 'the presiding one on a meeting' or 'governor, commander'.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɛzɪdənt/
• ハイフネーション: pre‧si‧dent

名詞

president (複数形 presidents, feminine presidentess)

1. The head of state of a republic.
   • 1965, Truman, Harry S., MP2002-401 Former President Truman Discusses "The Buck Stops Here"‎^[1], Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives Identifier: 595162, 0:20 from the start:

     Well, nobody else can make a decision but me because I was the President and the final decision comes to the President, you know. I used to have a sign on my desk that said, "The Buck Stops Here." The buck stops at the president's desk when he's president of the United States, and he either makes the decisions or he lets them go by default, and you can't afford to do that when you're president.

   • 2007, Benjamin Camins, Hillary Is the Best Choice, Page 144

     […] to change the pattern of the last 220 years of only voting for a white male president, and elect a woman president […]

   The vast majority of presidents have been male.

2. In presidential republics, the head of government and head of state.
3. Primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.
4. A person presiding over a meeting; a chair, presiding officer, presider.
5. Obsolete form of precedent.
   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vii:

     The thirſt of raigne and ſweetnes of a crowne,
     That cauſd the eldeſt ſonne of heauenly Ops,
     To thruſt his doting father from his chaire,
     And place himſelfe in the Emperiall heauen,
     Moou’d me to menage armes againſt thy ſtate.
     What better preſident than mightie Ioue?

同意語

• (米国用法 head of state): POTUS
• (head of a college または university): provost (英国用法)
• (head of various specific bodies): prepositus
• (くだけた用法, jocular): prexy, prez

派生語

• presidenthood
• presidential
• vice president

形容詞

president (not comparable)

1. (archaic) Occupying the first rank or chief place; having the highest authority; presiding.
   • 1671, John Milton, “The First Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

     His angels president / In every province.

動詞

president (三人称単数 現在形 presidents, 現在分詞 presidenting, 過去形および過去分詞形 presidented)

1. To act as president; to do presidential duties.

参照

• president at OneLook Dictionary Search
• “president”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.