skillとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English skill, skille (also schil, schile), from 古期英語 scille and Old Norse skil (“a distinction, discernment, knowledge”), from Proto-Germanic *skilją (“separation, limit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”). Cognate with Danish skel (“a separation, boundary, divide”), Swedish skäl (“reason”), Dutch verschil (“difference”) and schillen (“to separate the outer layer (schil) from the product”, verb).

別の表記

• skil (廃れた用法)

名詞

skill (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 skills)

1. Capacity to do something well; technique, ability. Skills are usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities, which are often thought of as innate.

   Synonyms: ability, talent; see also Thesaurus:skill

   Where did you pick up that skill?

   With great skill, she navigated through the tricky passage.

   Doing that coaching course not only taught me useful skills on the field, but also some important life skills.

   • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, “The Merry VViues of VVindsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i], page 45:

     I have heard the French-man hath good skill in his rapier.

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 752825175:

     Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

   • 2013 November 26, Simon Hoggart, “Araucaria's last puzzle: crossword master dies”, in The Guardian Weekly‎^[1], volume 189, number 26, page 43:

     The skill was not in creating a grid full of words, but in producing clues cryptic enough to baffle the puzzler, yet constructed so honestly that they could be solved by any intelligent person who knew the conventions.

2. (obsolete) Discrimination; judgment; propriety; reason; cause.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto I, page 54:

     Him so I sought, and so at last I fownd
     Where him that witch had thralled to her will,
     In chaines of lust and lewde desyres ybownd
     And so transformed from his former skill,
     That me he knew not, nether his owne ill;

   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene vii]:

     Methinks I should know you, and know this man;
     Yet I am doubtful; for I am mainly ignorant
     What place this is; and all the skill I have
     Remembers not these garments; nor I know not
     Where I did lodge last night. […]

3. (obsolete) Knowledge; understanding.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book III, canto III, page 45:

     And Howell Dha shall goodly well indew
     The salvage minds with skill of just and trew;

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     […] This desert soil
     Wants not her hidden lustre, gems and gold;
     Nor want we skill or art from whence to raise
     Magnificence […]

   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide

     'I kenna whatna man ye are,' he says, 'but ye have the skill of lassies' hearts. Tell me truly, is there no way to win her to common love?'

4. (obsolete) Display of art; exercise of ability; contrivance; address.
   • 1639, Thomas Fuller, “Richard of England and Philip of France Set Forward to the Holy Land; the Danger of the Interviews of Princes”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], OCLC 913016526, book III, page 118:

     Richard was well ſtored with men, the bones; and quickly got money, the ſinews of warre; by a thousand Princely ſkills gathering ſo much coin as if he meant not to return, becauſe looking back would unbowe his reſolution.

派生語

• soft skill

関連する語

形容詞

skill (comparative skiller, superlative skillest)

1. (UK, slang) Great, excellent. [1980s–1990s]
   • 1987, Teresa Maughan, Letters (in Your Sinclair issue 18, June 1987)

     Well, unfortunately for you, my dearest Waggipoos, I'm much more skill than you!

   • 1991, Wreckers (video game review in Crash issue 88, May 1991)

     This game is skill. Remember that because it's going to sound really complicated.

   • 1999, "Andy Smith", I am well skill (on Internet newsgroup alt.digitiser)

     And I am skiller than you.

語源 2

From Middle English skilen (also schillen), partly from 古期英語 scylian, scielian (“to separate, part, divide off”); and partly from Old Norse skilja (“to divide, separate”); both from Proto-Germanic *skilōną, *skiljaną (“to divide, limit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”). Cognate with Danish skille (“to separate, discard”), Swedish skilja (“to distinguish, differentiate, part”), Icelandic skilja (“to understand”), Low German schelen (“to make a difference; to be squint-eyed”), Dutch schelen (“to make a difference”).

動詞

skill (三人称単数 現在形 skills, 現在分詞 skilling, 過去形および過去分詞形 skilled)

1. (transitive) To set apart; separate.
2. (transitive, chiefly dialectal) To discern; have knowledge or understanding; to know how (to).
   • 1633, George Herbert, “Justice,” in The Temple,^[2]

     I cannot skill of these Thy ways […]

3. (transitive, dialectal, Scotland, Northern England, rare) To know; to understand.
   • 1613, Breadalbane Letters and Documents

     As for the virginals I have none here that skill of them, except the young lord.

   • 17th century, Isaac Barrow, “On Industry in Our Particular Calling as Scholars,”

     […] to skill the arts of expressing our mind and imparting our conceptions with advantage, so as to instruct or persuade others […]

4. (intransitive) To have knowledge or comprehension; discern.
5. (intransitive) To have personal or practical knowledge; be versed or practised; be expert or dextrous.
6. (intransitive, archaic) To make a difference; signify; matter.
   • 1592, Richard Turnbull, An Exposition upon the Canonicall Epistle of Saint Jude, London: John Windet, Sermon 5, p. 67,^[3]

     So then the whole scripture of God, being true, whence soever this be delivered and gathered, it skilleth not […]

   • c. 1601–1602, William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or VVhat You VVill”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:

     […] I should have given’t you to-day morning, but as a madman’s epistles are no gospels, so it skills not much when they are delivered.

   • 1633, George Herbert, “The Church Porch,” in The Temple,^[4]

     What skills it, if a bag of stones or gold

     About thy neck do drown thee?

   • 1820, Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, または III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], OCLC 230694662:

     But it skills not talking of it.