sulfurとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• sulphur (Commonwealth) (no longer standard in scientific usage)

語源

From 中期英語 sulphur, borrowed from Anglo-Norman sulfre, from Latin sulfur, from sulpur itself of uncertain origin. Displaced 古期英語 swefl and largely displaced brimstone.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈsʌl.fə/
• (米国発音) enPR: sŭl'fər, IPA: /ˈsʌl.fɚ/
• ハイフネーション: sul‧fur

名詞

sulfur (usually uncountable, plural sulfurs)

1. (uncountable) A chemical element (symbol S) with an atomic number of 16, having a bright yellow color and characteristic smell, used commercially in a variety of products such as insecticides, black powder, and matchsticks.

   Synonym: (archaic, not in technical usage) brimstone

   Hypernym: chalcogen

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC:

     A Dungeon horrible, on all ſides round / As one great Furnace flam’d, yet from thoſe flames / No light, but rather darkneſs viſible / […] but torture without end / Still urges, and a fiery Deluge, fed / With ever-burning Sulphur unconſum’d:

   • 1837, Thomas Carlyle, chapter 1, in The French Revolution: A History […], volume I (The Bastille), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, book I (Death of Louis XV):

     Sure only that man is mortal; that with the life of one mortal snaps irrevocably the wonderfulest talisman, and all Dubarrydom rushes off, with tumult, into infinite Space; and ye, as subterranean Apparitions are wont, vanish utterly,—leaving only a smell of sulphur!

   • 1907, Herbert M. Vaughan, The Naples Riviera‎:

     Scarcely had these manifestations ceased at Ustica, than Vesuvius began to show signs of increased activity; the supplies in the wells on the mountain sides began to fail, and there was observed a strong taste of sulphur in the drinking water; whilst—most dreaded phenomenon of all—the ever-active crater of Stromboli, that lies midway between Naples and Messina, suddenly lapsed into quiescence.

   • 2003, Cory Doctorow, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom‎, Tor Books:

     It went like this: first, we were cavemen, then there was ancient Greece, then Rome burned (cue sulfur-odor FX), then there was the Great Depression, and, finally, we reached the modern age.

   • 2015 February 25, Kevin McElvaney, “Inside Indonesia's Ijen Volcano”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Local workers hike up the side of the mountain and down into the crater at the top to harvest its sulfur—a byproduct of the gas that escapes from the volcano’s vents and collects near the shores of an acidic lake at the crater’s center. The chemical is used in industry worldwide, from making matchsticks to vulcanizing rubber, but Ijen’s sulfur goes mostly to local factories, which use it to bleach sugar.

2. (countable, uncountable) A yellowish green colour, like that of sulfur.

   sulfur:  

3. Any of various pierid butterflies of the subfamily Coliadinae, especially the sulfur-coloured species.

   Coordinate term: yellow

派生語

関連する語

形容詞

sulfur (comparative more sulfur, superlative most sulfur)

1. Of a yellowish green colour, like that of sulfur.
2. Having a characteristic sulfur-like smell, reminiscent of rotten eggs.
   • 2023 May 2, Rachel Gutman-Wei, “Beware the Ozempic Burp”, in The Atlantic‎:

     On the November morning when the sulfur burps began, Derron Borders was welcoming prospective students at the graduate school where he works in New York. […] Sulfur burps appear to be a somewhat rare side effect of semaglutide, tirzepatide, and other drugs in their class, known as GLP-1 receptor agonists.

動詞

sulfur (third-person singular simple present sulfurs, present participle sulfuring, simple past and past participle sulfured)

1. (transitive) To treat with sulfur, or a sulfur compound, especially to preserve or to counter agricultural pests.

参考

Further reading

• David Barthelmy (1997–2025), “Sulfur”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
• “sulfur”, in Mindat.org‎, Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2025.

別の表記

• sulphur, sulpur

語源

From Hellenization of sulpur, of uncertain origin.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsʊɫ.fʊr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsul.fur]

名詞

sulfur n (genitive sulfuris); third declension

1. sulfur, brimstone
2. lightning

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

参照

• “sulfur”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sulfur”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “sulfur”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.