pourとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: pô, IPA^(key): /pɔː/
• (General American) enPR: pôr, IPA^(key): /pɔɹ/
  • (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: pōr, IPA^(key): /po(ː)ɹ/
  • (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /poə/
  • (廃れた用法) enPR: pour, pouər, IPA^(key): /paʊɹ/, /paʊəɹ/^[1]
  • 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)
  • Homophone: pore; poor (in accents with the pour–poor merger); paw (non-rhotic accents with the horse–hoarse merger)

語源 1

From Middle English pouren (“to pour”), of uncertain origin. Likely to be of Celtic origin, from Celtic base *purr- (“to jerk, throw (water)”), akin to Welsh bwrw (“to cast, strike, rain”), Scottish Gaelic purr (“to push, thrust, urge, drive”), Irish purraim (“I push, I jerk”). Compare also the rare Dutch pouren (“to pour”).

Displaced Middle English schenchen, Middle English schenken (“to pour”) (from 古期英語 sċenċan (“to pour out”), whence dialectal English shink, and Old Norse skenkja, whence dialectal English skink, and akin to Dutch schenken (“to pour; to gift”)), Middle English ȝeoten, Middle English yetten (“to pour”) (from 古期英語 ġēotan (“to pour”) and akin to German gießen (“to pour”)), Middle English birlen (“to pour, serve drink to”) (from 古期英語 byrelian (“to pour, serve drink to”)), Middle English hellen (“to pour, pour out”) (from Old Norse hella (“to pour out, incline”)). Largely displaced English teem, from Middle English temen (“to pour out, empty”) (from Old Norse tœma (“to pour out, empty”)).

動詞

pour (三人称単数 現在形 pours, 現在分詞 pouring, 過去形および過去分詞形 poured)

1. (transitive) To cause (liquid, または liquid-like substance) to flow in a stream, either out of a container or into it.

   pour water from a jug

   pour wine into a decanter

   to pour oil onto chips

   to pour out sand or dust.

2. (transitive, figuratively) To send out as in a stream or a flood; to cause (an emotion) to come out; to cause to escape.

   My teacher poured scorn on my attempts at writing.

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, prologue]:

     How London doth pour out her citizens.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 1 Samuel 1:15:

     […] I haue drunke neither wine nor strong drinke, but haue powred out my soule before the Lord.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Ezekiel 7:8:

     Now will I shortly powre out my furie vpon thee, and accomplish mine anger vpon thee […]

   • 1637, John Milton, A Mask presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634, lines 710-711:

     Wherefore did Nature pour her bounties forth / With such a full and unwithdrawing hand?

   • 2013 August 10, “Can China clean up fast enough?”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

     At the same time, it is pouring money into cleaning up the country.

3. (transitive) To send forth from, as in a stream; to discharge uninterruptedly.
   • 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], OCLC 960856019:

     Is it for thee the linnet pours his throat?

4. (intransitive) To flow, pass or issue in a stream; to fall continuously and abundantly.

   the rain poured down.

5. (impersonal) To rain hard.

   It's pouring outside.

6. (intransitive) Of a beverage, to be on tap or otherwise available for serving to customers.
7. (intransitive) To move in a throng, as a crowd.
   • 1716, John Gay, Trivia: Or, The Art of Walking the Streets of London

     In the rude throng pour on with furious pace.

   • 2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1-1 Leeds”, in BBC:

     In a breathless finish Arsenal poured forward looking for a winner but Leeds held out for a deserved replay after Bendtner wastefully fired wide and Schmeichel acrobatically kept out Denilson's rasping effort

   The people poured out of the theater.

同意語

• (pour a drink): shink, skink

派生語

名詞

pour (複数形 pours)

1. The act of pouring.

   The bartender's inexpert pour left me with a pint of beer that was half foam.

2. Something, or an amount, poured.
   • 2003, John Brian Newman, B. S. Choo, Advanced concrete technology: Volume 2

     Over this time period, the first concrete pour has not only lost workability but has started to set so that it is no longer affected by the action of a vibrator.

3. (colloquial) A downpour, or flood of precipitation.
   • 1831, Susan Ferrier, Destiny; or, the Chief's Daughter‎^[1], page 84:

     Then, as if to give the lie to the offensive insinuation, he mounted his horse, and rode home ten miles in a pour of rain, without a great coat or umbrella.

   • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, Olympia Press:

     But then one of Mr. Knott's men would have had to put on his coat and hat and turn out, as likely as not in the pitch dark, and in torrents of rain in all probability, and grope his way in the dark in the pours of rain, with the pot of food in his hand, a wretched and ridiculous figure, to where the dog lay.

動詞

pour

1. Misspelling of pore.

参照

アナグラム

• puro, roup