enemyとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English enemy, enemye, enmy, borrowed from Old French enemi, anemi (Modern French ennemi), from Latin inimīcus, from in- (“not”) + amīcus (“friend”). Displaced Middle English feend (“enemy”), from 古期英語 fēond (“enemy”), which survived into Modern English as fiend, but with a different meaning.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛnəmi/
• ハイフネーション: en‧e‧my

名詞

enemy (複数形 enemies)

1. Someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else.

   under enemy duress

   He made a lot of enemies after reducing the working hours in his department.

   You may not want any enemies, but sometimes, your enemies choose you.

   • 2005, George Lucas, Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, spoken by Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader (Hayden Christensen):

     If you're not with me, then you're my enemy.

   Synonyms: foe, unfriend, adversary, nemesis, backfriend

   Antonyms: ally, friend

2. A hostile force or nation; a fighting member of such a force or nation.

   Rally together against a common enemy.

   Synonyms: foe, adversary, nemesis

   Antonyms: ally, friend

3. Something harmful or threatening to another
   • 2012, John Branch, “Snow Fall : The Avalanche at Tunnel Creek”, in New York Time‎^[1]:

     The very thing the 16 skiers and snowboarders had sought — fresh, soft snow — instantly became the enemy. Somewhere above, a pristine meadow cracked in the shape of a lightning bolt, slicing a slab nearly 200 feet across and 3 feet deep. Gravity did the rest.

4. (attributive) Of, by, relating to, or belonging to an enemy.

   The building was destroyed by enemy bombing.

使用する際の注意点

• Singular and plural verbs can be used interchangeably when referring to sense 2, e.g. the enemy are retreating vs. the enemy is retreating.

派生語

関連する語

• enmity
• inimical

参考

• nemesis

動詞

enemy (三人称単数 現在形 enemies, 現在分詞 enemying, 過去形および過去分詞形 enemied)

1. To make an enemy of.
   • 1963, The Castles and the Crown: Spain, 1451-1555, page 51:

     These prelates and nobles, seeing themselves dispossessed by the death of this king don Alfonso, to whom they had adhered, and enemied with the king don Enrique his brother, whom they had deserted, were in great fear, dreading the indignation of the king, whom by letters and words they had much injured; and they found no other remedy for their defense but to continue the division which they had begun in the realm, raising for queen of it the princess doña Isabel in place of her brother.

   • 2009, Adam Stephen Alber, Greater Than My Thoughts: A Glimpse Of My Soul, page 64:

     But rather the life He has lived People he met Befriended and enemied

   • 2014, Robert Shanafelt, Nathan W. Pino, Rethinking Serial Murder, Spree Killing, and Atrocities, page 184:

     Bureaucracy and wider features of a division of labor also facilitates the “othering” and “enemying” associated with systemic violence and makes possible the professionalization of atrocity.

   • 2016, Elif M. Gokcigdem, Fostering Empathy Through Museums, page 45:

     But these choices came with point values: friending someone who friended you gave each player fifteen points; friending someone who enemied you gave the enemy-er a whopping twenty-five points but lost the friend-er five points; and if both players enemied each other, both got five points.