reduceとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈdjuːs/, /ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːs/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈduːs/
• 韻: -uːs

動詞

reduce (三人称単数 現在形 reduces, 現在分詞 reducing, 過去形および過去分詞形 reduced)

1. (transitive) To bring down the size, quantity, quality, value or intensity of something; to diminish, to lower.

   to reduce weight, speed, heat, expenses, price, personnel etc.

   • 2012 January 1, Stephen Ledoux, “Behaviorism at 100”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 100, number 1, page 60:

     Becoming more aware of the progress that scientists have made on behavioral fronts can reduce the risk that other natural scientists will resort to mystical agential accounts when they exceed the limits of their own disciplinary training.

   • 2022 January 12, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Emergency timetables as absences surge due to COVID”, in RAIL, number 948, page 6:

     Most train operators have reduced services with emergency timetables, as they struggle to cope with a rapid increase in staff absences due to the Omicron variant of COVID.

2. (intransitive) To lose weight.
3. (transitive) To bring to an inferior rank; to degrade, to demote.

   to reduce a sergeant to the ranks

   • 1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, または III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:

     My father, the eldest son of an ancient but reduced family, left me with little.

   • a. 1694, John Tillotson, The Folly of Scoffing at Religion

     nothing so excellent but a man may falten upon something or other belonging to it whereby to reduce it .

   • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

     Having reduced their foe to misery beneath their fears.

   • 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, chapter 13, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:

     Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which she found the clergyman reduced.

   • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page viii:

     Neither [Jones] […] nor I (in 1966) could conceive of reducing our "science" to the ultimate absurdity of reading Finnish newspapers almost a century and a half old in order to establish "priority."

4. (transitive) To humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture.

   to reduce a province or a fort

5. (transitive) To bring to an inferior state or condition.

   to reduce a city to ashes

6. (transitive, cooking) To decrease the liquid content of food by boiling much of its water off.
   • 2011, Edward Behr and James MacGuire, The Art of Eating Cookbook: Essential Recipes from the First 25 Years.

     Serve the oxtails with mustard or a sauce made by reducing the soup, if any is left, to a slightly thick sauce.

7. (transitive, chemistry) To add electrons / hydrogen or to remove oxygen.

   Formaldehyde can be reduced to form methanol.

8. (transitive, metallurgy) To produce metal from ore by removing nonmetallic elements in a smelter.
9. (transitive, mathematics) To simplify an equation or formula without changing its value.
10. (transitive, computer science) To express the solution of a problem in terms of another (known) algorithm.
11. (transitive, logic) To convert a syllogism to a clearer or simpler form.
12. (transitive, law) To convert to written form. (Usage note: this verb almost always appears as "reduce to writing".)

    It is important that all business contracts be reduced to writing.

13. (transitive, medicine) To perform a reduction; to restore a fracture or dislocation to the correct alignment.
14. (transitive, military) To reform a line or column from (a square).
15. (transitive, military) To strike off the payroll.
16. (transitive, Scotland, law) To annul by legal means.
17. (transitive, obsolete) To translate (a book, document, etc.).

    a book reduced into English

同意語

• (to bring down): cut, decrease, lower
• (cooking): inspissate; see also Thesaurus:thicken

反意語

• (to bring down): increase

関連する語

参考

• reducing agent

参照

• reduce in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /reˈduː.ke/, [rɛˈd̪uːkɛ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /reˈdu.t͡ʃe/, [reˈd̪uːt͡ʃe]

動詞

redūce

1. second-person singular present active imperative of redūcō

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.du.ke/, [ˈrɛd̪ʊkɛ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.du.t͡ʃe/, [ˈrɛːd̪ut͡ʃe]
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.du.ke/, [ˈrɛd̪ʊkɛ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.du.t͡ʃe/, [ˈrɛːd̪ut͡ʃe]

形容詞

rĕduce

1. ablative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of rē̆dux