engageとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English engagen, from Old French engagier (“to pledge, engage”), from Frankish *anwadjōn (“to pledge”), from Proto-Germanic *an-, *andi- + Proto-Germanic *wadjōną (“to pledge, secure”), from Proto-Germanic *wadją (“pledge, guarantee”), from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to pledge, redeem a pledge; guarantee, bail”), equivalent to en- +‎ gage. Cognate with 古期英語 anwedd (“pledge, security”), 古期英語 weddian (“to engage, covenant, undertake”), German wetten (“to bet, wager”), Icelandic veðja (“to wager”). More at wed.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/, /ɛnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/
• 韻: -eɪdʒ

動詞

engage (三人称単数 現在形 engages, 現在分詞 engaging, 過去形および過去分詞形 engaged)

1. (transitive) To interact socially.
   1. To engross or hold the attention of; to keep busy or occupied.
      • 1712 (date written)​, Alexander Pope, “Messiah. A Sacred Eclogue, in Imitation of Virgil’s Pollio.”, in The Works of Alexander Pope Esq. […], London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton, H. Lintot, J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, and S. Draper, published 1751, OCLC 1006960022, lines 55–56, page 40:

        Thus ſhall mankind his guardian care engage, / The promis'd father of the future age.

   2. To draw into conversation.
      • 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Introductory”, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, OCLC 223202227:

        the difficult task of engaging him in conversation

      • 2022 September 21, Christian Wolmar, “Trevelyan must 'give a damn' and engage with the railway”, in RAIL, number 966, page 45:

        Shapps refused to engage with the unions and claimed that the industrial disputes were nothing to do with him, despite controlling the purse strings.

   3. To attract, to please; (archaic) to fascinate or win over (someone).
      • 1711 July 13 (Gregorian calendar)​, Joseph Addison; Richard Steele, “MONDAY, July 2, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 106; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume II, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, OCLC 191120697, page 74:

        This humanity and good nature engages every body to him, so that when he is pleasant upon any of them all his family are in a good humour, and none so much as the person whom he diverts himself with: […]

2. To interact antagonistically.
   1. (transitive) To enter into conflict with (an enemy).
      • 1698-1699, Edmund Ludlow, Memoirs

        a favourable opportunity of engaging the enemy

   2. (intransitive) To enter into battle.
3. To interact contractually.
   1. (transitive) To arrange to employ or use (a worker, a space, etc.).
      • 1905, Baroness Emmuska Orczy, chapter 2, in The Affair at the Novelty Theatre‎^[1]:

        For this scene, a large number of supers are engaged, and in order to further swell the crowd, practically all the available stage hands have to ‘walk on’ dressed in various coloured dominoes, and all wearing masks.

   2. (intransitive) To guarantee or promise (to do something).
   3. (transitive) To bind through legal or moral obligation (to do something, especially to marry) (usually in passive).

      They were engaged last month! They're planning to have the wedding next year.

      • [1703], Tho[mas] d’Urfey, The Old Mode & the New, or, Country Miss with Her Furbeloe. A Comedy. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott, and sold by Samuel Clark, […], Francis Faucet […], and Lucas Stowkey […], OCLC 1011791828, Act I, scene i, page 1:

        […] Love is a ſort of Devotion too, and not only ſhould beget Reſpect, but likevviſe ingage Patience.

   4. (obsolete, transitive) To pledge, pawn (one's property); to put (something) at risk or on the line; to mortgage (houses, land).
      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto VII:

        Thou that doest liue in later times, must wage / Thy workes for wealth, and life for gold engage.

4. To interact mechanically.
   1. To mesh or interlock (of machinery, especially a clutch).

      Whenever I engage the clutch, the car stalls out.

      • 1964 April, G. Freeman Allen, “The BRB shows traders the Liner train prototypes”, in Modern Railways, page 265:

        The Liner train wagon is a simple underframe on bogies, with coned location points that engage recesses in the container bases.

   2. (engineering, transitive) To come into gear with.

      The teeth of one cogwheel engage those of another.

5. (intransitive) To enter into (an activity), to participate (construed with in).
   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 639762314:

     We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic?

6. (transitive, obsolete) To entangle.

反意語

• (to cause to mesh または interlock): disengage

派生語

• engagement
• Engager
• disengage
• disengagement