bindとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English binden, from 古期英語 bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną (compare West Frisian bine, Dutch binden, Low German binnen, German binden, Danish binde), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéndʰ-e-ti, from *bʰendʰ- (“to tie”) (compare Welsh benn (“cart”), Latin offendīx (“knot, band”), Lithuanian beñdras (“partner”), Albanian bend (“servant, henchman”), Ancient Greek πεῖσμα (peîsma, “cable, rope”), Persian بستن‎ (bastan, “to bind”), Sanskrit बन्धति (bándhati)). Doublet of bandana.

動詞

bind (third-person singular simple present binds, present participle binding, simple past bound, past participle bound or (古風な用法, まれに) bounden)

1. (intransitive) To tie; to confine by any ligature.
   • c. 1598–1600, William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii]:

     They that reap must sheaf and bind.

2. (intransitive) To cohere or stick together in a mass.

   Just to make the cheese more binding

   • (Can we date this quote by Mortimer かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     clay binds by heat.

3. (intransitive) To be restrained from motion, or from customary or natural action, as by friction.

   I wish I knew why the sewing machine binds up after I use it for a while.

4. (intransitive) To exert a binding or restraining influence.

   These are the ties that bind.

5. (transitive) To tie or fasten tightly together, with a cord, band, ligature, chain, etc.

   to bind grain in bundles  to bind a prisoner

6. (transitive) To confine, restrain, or hold by physical force or influence of any kind.

   Gravity binds the planets to the sun.

   Frost binds the earth.

   • Bible, Job xxviii. 11.

     He bindeth the floods from overflowing.

   • Bible, Luke xiii. 16.

     Whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years.

7. (transitive) To couple.
8. (figuratively) To oblige, restrain, or hold, by authority, law, duty, promise, vow, affection, or other social tie.

   to bind the conscience  to bind by kindness  bound by affection  commerce binds nations to each other

   • 1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes:

     Who made our laws to bind us, not himself.

   • c. 1596, William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii], page 11, column 2:

     I am much bounden to your Maieſty.

   • 1626, William Roper; S. W. Singer, The Mirrour of Vertue in Worldly Greatnes. Or The Life of Syr Thomas More Knight, sometime Lo. Chancellour of England, new revised and corrected edition, Paris [i.e. Saint-Omer]: [Printed at the English College Press], OCLC 837637215; republished as The Life of Sir Thomas More, by His Son-in-law, William Roper, Esq. […], Chiswick, London: From the press of C[harles] Whittingham, for R. Triphook, […], 1822, OCLC 54291031, page 36:

     In the concluding whereof Sir Thomas More so worthily handled himself, procuring in our league far more benefits unto this realm, than at that time, by the king or his council was thought possible to be compassed, that for his good service in that voyage, the king, when he after made him Lord Chancellor, caused the Duke of Norfolk openly to declare to the people, as you shall hear hereafter more at large, how much all England was bounden unto him.

   • 1963, William A. Owens, chapter 2, in Look to the River, New York, N.Y.: Atheneum; republished as Look to the River (Texas Tradition Series; 8), Fort Worth, Tex.: Texas Christian University Press, 1988, →ISBN, OCLC 933573, page 20:

     He'll mind, I reckon, not getting any work out'n me, but I won't be bounden to him any longer. How can he keep me if I ain't bounden to him?

9. (law) To put (a person) under definite legal obligations, especially, under the obligation of a bond or covenant.
10. (law) To place under legal obligation to serve.

    to bind an apprentice  bound out to service

11. (transitive) To protect or strengthen by applying a band or binding, as the edge of a carpet or garment.
12. (transitive, archaic) To make fast (a thing) about or upon something, as by tying; to encircle with something.

    to bind a belt about one  to bind a compress upon a wound

13. (transitive) To cover, as with a bandage.

    to bind up a wound

14. (transitive, archaic) To prevent or restrain from customary or natural action, as by producing constipation.

    Certain drugs bind the bowels.

15. (transitive) To put together in a cover, as of books.

    The three novels were bound together.

16. (transitive, chemistry) To make two or more elements stick together.
17. (transitive, programming) To associate an identifier with a value; to associate a variable name, method name, etc. with the content of a storage location.
    • 2008, Bryan O'Sullivan, John Goerzen, Donald Bruce Stewart, Real World Haskell (page 33)

      We bind the variable n to the value 2, and xs to "abcd".

    • 2009, Robert Pickering, Beginning F#, page 123:

      You can bind an identifier to an object of a derived type, as you did earlier when you bound a string to an identifier of type obj […]

18. (Britain, dialect) To complain; to whine about something.
    • 1980, Iris Murdoch, Nuns And Soldiers:

      "But it's not much good piling up the pix if I can't sell them."
      "Oh do stop binding. Think of something. How will we eat, where will we sleep?"

同意語

• (他動詞 tie または fasten together): fetter, make fast, tie, fasten, restrain
• (他動詞 cover with a bandage): bandage, dress
• (他動詞 oblige): restrain, restrict, obligate
• (他動詞, legal put under legal obligation):
• (他動詞, legal place under obligation to serve): indenture

派生語

名詞

bind (複数形 binds)

1. That which binds or ties.
2. A troublesome situation; a problem; a predicament or quandary.
3. Any twining or climbing plant or stem, especially a hop vine; a bine.
4. (music) A ligature or tie for grouping notes.
5. (chess) A strong grip or stranglehold on a position that is difficult for the opponent to break.

   the Maróczy Bind

6. The indurated clay of coal mines.

派生語

• bindweed

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:difficult situation

参照

• bind at OneLook Dictionary Search
• bind in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• bind in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

アナグラム

• INBD